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d,ey?/<^ 












A Cartoon History 

of 
Roosevelt's Career 




New Yurk 



Theodore Roosevelt in 1904 



This portrait, taken in the year of Mr. Roosevelt's election to the Presidency of the United States, 

is one of his best photographs 



A Cartoon History 

of 

Roosevelt's Career 



Illustrated by Six Hundred and Thirty Contemporary 
Cartoons and Many Other Pictures 



By Albert Shaw 



New York: 

The Review of Reviews Company 

Publishers 






•u 



Copyright, 1910, by 
THE REVIEW OF REVIEWS COMPANY 



©CI.A2714'; 4 



c- 



PREFACE 



IT has long been my custom to make note of political cartoons and caricatures in 
the press of various countries. It requires, perhaps, some understanding of 
political questions and personages, and some acquaintance with the types and 
symbols used in caricature, to appreciate altogether the meaning and value of that 
kind of work. But when one has acquired a certain amount of knowledge and 
familiarity in this field, he is sure to find the current cartoons very enlightening 
as well as amusing. The cartoonists, indeed, reflect more faithfully the changing 
phases of the public mind than do the writers of editorial articles. 

The political writer must exercise a certain dignity and restraint. But the car- 
toonist is a privileged character, who may tell the plain, homely truth as people see 
it and feel it, very much as the court jester in olden times was expected to take 
liberties with those in high places and — under the guise of quip and fling and wit- 
ticism — tell the king a bit of direct and wholesome truth. Thus I have not hesi- 
tated to make constant use, in reproduced form, of American and foreign carto«>n> 
from month to month in the Review of Reviews, not merely because they are di- 
verting, but chiefly because they frequently express so much of fact and sentiment 
and point of view, in such telling and convincing ways. 

For a long time there were mechanical difficulties in the way of the large use of 
illustration in daily newspapers. Pictorial matter of all kinds was chiefly confined 
to the weekly and monthly illustrated publications. The large and influential use 
of cartoons was, therefore, confined to a set of weekly periodicals, not very numer- 
ous, that made a specialty of political subjects. Of all these, it is needless to say 
the most famous has been Punch, of London. In this country Harper's and Leslie's 
weeklies, followed by Puck and Judge, have been the most famous and influential 
of the weekly papers making use of cartoons in such a manner as to express and 
influence political opinion throughout the country. 

In all the European countries, political cartoons have for many years been used 
with great effect. In Germany the publishers of papers using cartoons have at 
times been subjected to a rather severe censorship; but in the main throughout 
Europe there is permitted an extreme freedom of expression to cartoonists that 
would not be tolerated in political writers. And there is a fierceness of satire, 
and a malignancy of attack, in many of these European cartoons that would not 
accord with the kindlier and more humorous tone of American cartoon work. 

The very rapid growth, during recent years, of the use of cartoons in the daily 
newspapers of the United States has been due to the improvement of photo-engrav- 



ing methods which permit the very rapid making of a zinc-etched block in repro- 
duction of a pen drawing. Thus the cartoon as drawn this afternoon in illustration 
of the latest political incident, may be as readily printed in to-morrow morning's 
paper as the letter-press itself that reports the news. There are few people who 
realize the extent to which inventions of this kind are changing the methods and 
character of the press. 

It is hardly less remarkable, however, that the use of photo-engraving in news- 
paper offices should have been followed so quickly by the development (if a great 
number of clever American cartoonists. It had seemed at one time that John Ten- 
niel, afterwards knighted in recognition of the importance of his cartoon work in 
Punch, could have no successor worthy of the name. But Punch keeps its hold, and 
England has several very clever political cartoonists at this moment. And it had 
seemed at one time that the political cartoon could have no future in America, 
after Nast and his two or three contemporaries. But then came the school of 
Keppler and Gillam, whose marvelous work, printed in colors by lithography, made 
Puck a power in the land, interpreting — perhaps better than any other newspaper 
or periodical — the aims and achievements of President Cleveland. It was cartoon- 
ists of this same school and method who. with similar ability, represented the Re- 
publican point of view in the weekly paper called Judge. 

Then came the rise to influence and power of the cartoonists of the daily press, 
the foremost of these being the late Charles G. Bush, for several years on the New 
York Herald and then for many years on the Xew York World. One is tempted 
to run over the list of remarkable men who within the past fifteen or twenty years 
have been drawing cartoons for the American newspapers and periodicals. But 
this volume — which is chiefly theirs rather than mine — shows well enough my 
estimate of their wit, their humor, their kindliness, and, above all, their remark- 
able instinct for politics. 

Their drawing has had to be done under great pressure ; and some of the 
most influential and effective of them all are quite defective when judged from 
the standpoint of draughtsmanship. But where their drawing is often greatly at 
fault when compared, for example, with such a piece of work as that of Bernard 
Partridge of Punch on page 75 of this volume, their cartoons have been redeemed 
by the skill with which they expressed their ideas. The artists of Punch, drawing 
perhaps only one finished cartoon a week, have a much better opportunity to do 
-ood technical work than the newspaper cartoonists who often draw an effective 
cartoon each day for weeks together. 

Of all the political personages who have become familiar in cartoons, no one 
in recent years has figured as frequently as Mr. Roosevelt. And we have no other 
public man whose career has been illustrated in contemporary cartoons so con- 
tinuously, or for such a long time. Mr. Xast's cartoons were drawn on the blocks 
which were laboriously tooled by the wood-engravers. He did not waste much 
effort on minor personages. And Mr. NasPs tributes to Roosevelt give fine testi- 
mony to the impression the young reformer in the Xew York Legislature was 
making upon public opinion in State and nation. 



As our readers will discover, we have been able to find striking cartoons that 
bear witness, in each successive phase of Roosevelt's career, to the recognition 
accorded him at the moment as a man of energy and leadership who was taking 
hold of essential problems rather than giving his energy to lesser things. 1 be- 
lieve, therefore, that these cartoons, brought together in such a way as to bear 
upon successive episodes or periods in Mr. Roosevelt's public life, will he found 
useful as a contribution to the political histor) of our own lime. 

Very much of the material assembled here is of a nature so ephemeral that its 
assembling has not been a very easy task. For example, although the Verdict ran 
its brief but brilliant career of two or three years as recently as [899-1900, my 
own office tile had disappeared, and it was not easy to obtain access to the copies 
in which Roosevelt as Governor ami Vice-Presidential nominee was so strikingly 
presented, until Mr. Alfred Henry Lewis, who had been its editor, generously lent 
his own personal file. Thus thanks are also due to the Columbia College Library. 
the Astor Library, and to the editors and proprietors of Puck, of Judge, of Harper's 
Weekly, of Leslie's, of Collier's, and of several other periodicals. 1 am much in- 
debted also to several members of my own office staff for toilsome search in the 
files 1 if newspapers. 

Recognition is due in this place to Mr. William Menkel, of the editorial office 
of the Reziezi' of Reviews, more than to anyone else, for co-operation without which 
the assembling and arrangement of so much pictorial matter would have been very 
laborious and difficult. There is such a thing as making one cartoon add to the 
effectiveness of another by the manner of their grouping on the same page. Tins 
is also true of the contrasts or the cumulative impressions produced in arrange- 
ment of facing pages. To Mr. Menkel I am much indebted for help in all this, — 
which, if it may seem easy in the result, was more difficult than anything else in 
the actual di ling. 

f have tried to make the simple text of this volume a clear and honest interpre- 
tation of what Mr. Roosevelt has tried to do as a public man. and the spirit he h.i- 
shown throughout his career. I have had some advantages of intimate knowledge 
of most of the period 1 present in these cursory pages; and this has included ac- 
quaintance not only with the hero of the play but with most of the other people 
who have been prominently associated with him upon our political stage. 1 hope, 
therefore, that the collection of cartoons and other pictures, with the thread of 
text that binds them together, may find some modest place with the materials that 
a historian like Mr. James Ford Rhodes, for example, would some day like to use 
as helping him to throw into true historical perspective the political period in 
which Mr. Roosevelt has been so notable and dominant a figure. 

ALBERT SHAW. 
NEW YORK. August 22, 1910. 



CONTENTS 



Chapter Page 

I. — His First Political Experiences - i 

11 —The Crisis of 1884 - 7 

III.— The Mayoralty Fight of 1886 - 14 

IV.— A Brief Period of Private Life 17 

V. — Battling with the Spoils System - 23 

VI. — Reforming New York's Police Work 3] 

VII. — Preparing the Navy for War 35 

VIII.— The Rough Rider of 1898 39 

IX. — As Candidate for Governor - 43 

X. — In the Gubernatorial Chair 4N 

XI. — Named for the Vice-Presidency - 55 

XII. — His First National Stumping Tour - 64 

XIII.— A Half- Year as Vice-President - 70 

XIV. — Assuming the Presidency - 74 

XV. — Asserting the Monroe Doctrine - 83 

XVI. — Panama, — A New Sister Republic - 91 

XVII. — The Unanimous Endorsement of His Party - 95 

XVIII. — The Roosevelt-Parker Campaign 103 

XIX. — As Peace-Maker and World-Figure - 115 

XX. — The "Big Stick" at Home and Abroad - 131 

XXI. — Some Activities of a Versatile President - 146 

XXII. — Refusing a Third Term - [62 

XXIII. — Helping to Choose His Successor - 169 

XXIV 7 . — Last Phases of the Administration - 179 

XXV. — Stepping Out of the White House - 189 

XXVI. — The Faunal Naturalist in Africa 194 

NXYII. — Strenuously Visiting Old Europe - 203 

XXVIII. — His Home-Coming and Welcome - 225 

XXIX. — An Ex-President in His Active Retirement - 239 



A Cartoon History 
of Roosevelt's Career 

CHAPTER I 

His First Political Experiences 

IT so happened that Theodore Roosevelt became a national figure at the very beginning 
of his public career. His name was printed in newspapers from one ocean to the other, 

his portrait duly appeared in the illustrated press, and he was conspicuous enough to be 
caricatured by political cartoonists in the days when it was not customary for the wood en- 
gravers to carve the lineaments of any except those who. fur good or for ill, were among 
the eminent personages of the hour. 

There might be some difference of opinion about the quality of Mr. Roosevelt's mental 
endowments; but there could never be any difference about his courage, his single-hearted- 
ness, his concentration upon the thing in hand, and the clear, strong, stubborn will power 
to do his best under any given circumstances, and to see in any piece of work, whether 
public or private, quite sufficient opportunity to justify his best endeavor. 

Doubtless some conditions, not of his own choosing or making, have aided Mr. Roose- 
velt in the successive onward steps of his public career. But when one studies the case 
thoroughly, one must admit that Mr. Roosevelt has made his own way by his own efforts, 
just as truly as did Mr. Lincoln, or any other man of distinction in our history. The city 
Imy, brought up in affluent circumstances, who scorns ease, deliberately chooses a life of 
work and of usefulness, and never for a moment doubts the value of his ideals, deserves 
just as much credit as the country boy who pores over his few treasured books by the dim 
evening light in his log cabin. 

Thus far in our history it has not made very much difference. Most American boys 
have had a fairly good chance to improve their own positions, and to be of use to their fel- 
low men, if only they were endowed with will, energy, some gift of moral power, and some 
little kindling touch of imagination. 

As a boy, Theodore Roosevelt was rather sickly than strong, and he gavi few signs 
pointing to a very exceptional future. But he was plucky and persevering. He became 
strong by degrees through physical exercise, and through a gradual acquirement of the art 
of living in such a way as to be hardy and well. He graduated at Harvard in 1880. and 
was twenty-two years old October 27 of that year, having been born in 185N. 

His father, also named Theodore Roosevelt, was a man of business and affairs in Xcw 
York City. He was prominent in all that made for the best interests of New York, at one 
time mayor of the city, sound in his principles, wise and devoted as a father. He died a 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



year or two before his son and namesake finished the Harvard course. The family had 
lived in and about New York City for more than two hundred and fifty years. 

During the college period, Theodore Roosevelt was a diligent student, devoting him- 
self especially to out-door science. American history, and literary studies. He was active 
in almost every form of exercise and spurt, and took creditable rank in everything, although 
he was never a champion athlete. He learned to ride well, and played polo. He learned 
to shoot, and made the most of his vacations. He was fond of animal life and nature, 
and cultivated that habit of close observation which has made him a naturalist and has 
added so much to his happiness in life. He took to the water, with Long Island Sound 
offering ready access; and his appetite for the study of American naval history was 
whetted by some practical knowledge of boats and seamanship. 

Thus, soon after leaving college, he wrote and published his first book, on the " Naval 
War of 1812"; and the greatness of the American navy to-day is largely due to such ex- 
periences and studies as produced that excellent volume. After leaving college, Mr. 
Roosevelt spent about a year in further study and foreign travel. It was characteristic of 
him that in that year he did some difficult mountain climbing and qualified himself for 
membership in the famous Alpine Club of London, his sponsors being Mr. Bryce and Mr. 
Buxton, whose careers have been so distinguished and useful, ami who have been Mr. 
Roosevelt's life-long' friends. 

Hi-- year of travel and study ended, Mr. Roosevelt settled down in his native city, 
determined to be a good citizen and to do with his might whatsoever his hand found to 

do. In his private capacity, he was read- 
ing law, with a view to taking up a pro- 
fession that he has never yet found an 
opportunity to practise. He was also 
studying American history and beginning 
to write his books. 

On the public side of his life, he was 
trying 'to find out how we were really 
governed in the city and State of New 
York. He proposed to take a citizen's 
part in the governing business, and he set 
oul to acquaint himself with the practical 
as well as the theoretical mechanism of 
politics and government. He soon discov- 
ered that he must join a political organi- 
zation, attend the primaries, and do his 
part at the local political headquarters. 

He studied his own voting precinct, his 
municipal ward, and his assembly district, 
lie found himself a Republican by inherit- 
ance and tradition, and by his own study 
of the course of the country's political his- 
tory. He attached himself, therefore, to 
the Republican organization of his dis- 
trict, and insisted upon taking his place 
as an active worker. 
theodore uoosevelt He was not taken ser iously at first by 

(As a student at Harvard) the workers and heelers in the old Jake 




CHAPTER II 



The Crisis of 1884 



MR. R< )OSEVELT was made one of the four delegates-at-large from New York to 
the national Republican convention of [884, and was chosen as chairman of the 
State delegation. This was a very unusual honor for so young a man, and is an 
evidence of the influential rank he had already attained. James A. Garfield had been 
elected President in 1880, but his assassination had placed the Vice-President, Mr. Ar- 
thur, of New York, in the White House. The idol of the Republican masses of the Mid- 
dle West was the Speaker of the House. Mr. James G. Blaine, of Maine. President Ar- 
thur was a candidate for renomination, and many of the anti-Blaine men rallied about 
him. He belonged to the " Stalwart " faction of the party in New York, of which Sena- 
tor Conkling was the mentor, while Mr. Blaine was the inspiration of the so-called " Half- 
breeds " of the Empire State. 

Roosevelt was not in alliance with either faction; and he strongly hoped, with many 
of the reformers and conservative men of the day, that it might he possible to secure the 
nomination as a compromise candidate of Senator Edmunds, of Vermont, then the strong- 
est and most respected figure in the United States Senate. 

Popular sentiment triumphed, and 
Mr. Blaine was nominated. The re- 
formers admitted Mr. Blaine's bril- 
liancy as a party leader, hut distrusted 
his judgment and his character. Until 
that time. Carl Schurz. George Wil- 
liam Curtis, Henry Ward Beecher, and 
many other prominent reformers had 
been acknowledged leaders of the Re- 
publican party. Curtis and Schurz 
had been great figures in Republican 
conventions. They were deeply dis- 
affected by the nomination of Blaine 
and went home in silence, waiting to 
see what the Democrats would do. 
Mr. Roosevelt, meanwhile, went out to 
his Dakota ranch, primarily to attend 
to his cattle business, but also t,i think 
over the political situation. 

The Democrats had the wisdom to 
nominate Governor Cleveland, of New 
York, and the disaffected Republicans, 
led by Schurz and Curtis, organized 
the so-called "Independent" or "Mug- 

,, , , ■ , , . nil-: MOW VOYAGE BEGUN 

wump movement, and decided to 

1 An emblematic cartoon of a later period) 

support Cleveland against Blaine. ft** a e north American (Philadelphia) 




A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




Copyright, 1884. I 



y permission 



PHRYNE BEFORE THE CHICAGO 

Ardent Advocate : "Now, gentlemen, don't make any mistake in 

Mr. Whitelaw Reid of the New York Tribune, is presenting James G. Blaine to the Republican convention of 1884 

figure from the reader's right. On Mr. Roosevelt's left, in their order, appear Carl Schurz, Senator Evarts 

next to Sherman h John A. Logan, with his black hair and heavy mustache. Other notable delegates are' 



The Crisis of 1884 




HCITH A,POt»QGIgS to J,D-.0-£.ftWE 



TRIBUNAL.— From Puck, June i. 1884. 

your decision. Here's Purity and Magnetism for you. Can't be beat!" 

at Chicago. Mr. Roosevelt, as chairman of the powerful New York delegation, is seen in the front row. the fourth 

and George William Curtis. Immediately behind Mr. Roosevelt is John Sherman, with the white hair, while 

scattered about in the group. 



10 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 











> iiE? ! ie?ssS'P s = 






* 







3&^. 



LITTLE BO-PEEP, LOST HER SHEEP, 

AND DIDN'T KNOW WHERE TO FIND THEM : 

(The "lost sheep" it, this cartoon are those Republicans who vigorously opposed Mr. Blaine at the Chicago conven 
of Vermont After the convention had given its voice for the "Plumed Knight," however, Mr. Roosevelt, instead of 
liean fold and gave his entire support to the party throughout the campaign. Sec Mr. Roosevelt's statement on this 



The Crisis of 1884 



11 




From Judge, June 21, 1884 
OH! LET THEM ALONE. AND THEY'LL COME HOME. 
AND CARRY THEIR TAILS BEHIND THEM. 

'tion "of 1884. Prominent among these was Mr. Roosevelt, whose candidate for the nomination was Senator Edmunds. 
bolting the party and joining in the independent movement with Sehurz, Curtis, and others, remained in the Repub- 
subject on page 12. 1 



12 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE SIZE OF THE INDEPENDENT ARMY 

This is the third time they have marched around. There are just about nine of them, not ninety thousand. 
(It was mistakenly assumed that It. ■us.. veil would join in the movement. I — From Judge, July. 1884. 

It was believed by the Independents and the Democrats that Roosevelt would also 
support Cleveland ; and even the Blaine Republicans had little hope of holding him with- 
in party lines. But after a brief interval, Mr. Roosevelt came out with a public state- 
ment so characteristic of him that it ought to be quoted in this record. It was as follows : 

" I intend to vote the Republican Presidential ticket. A man cannot act both without and within the 
party ; he can do either, but he cannot possibly do both. Each course has its advantages, and each has its 
disadvantages, and one cannot take the advantages or the disadvantages separately. I went in with my eyes 
open to do what I could within the party ; I did my best and got beaten, and I propose to stand by the re- 
sult. It is impossible to combine the functions of a guerrilla chief with those of a colonel in the regular 
army; one has greater independence of action, the other is able to make what action he does take vastly 
more effective. In certain contingencies, the one can do the most good ; in certain contingencies, the other ; 
but there is no use in accepting a commission and then trying to play the game out on a lone hand. During 
the entire canvass for the nomination Mr. Blaine received but two checks. I had a hand in both, and I 
could have had a hand in neither had not those Republicans who elected me the head of the New -York 
State delegation supposed that I would in good faith support the man who was fairly made the Repub- 
lican nominee. I am, by inheritance and by education, a Republican; whatever good I have been able to 
accomplish in public life has been accomplished through the Republican party; I have acted with it in the 
past, and wish to act with it in the future." 



The Crisis of 1884 



13 



The cartoons relating to this period that are reproduced herewith indicate how gen- 
eral was the belief that Mr. Roosevelt would abandon his party. Grover Cleveland was 
his personal friend; and his views were regarded as more nearly like Roosevelt's than 
were those of the successful Republican candidate. But Roosevelt believed that his place 
was with the Republican party, and that in the long run he could be far more useful to the 
country as a member of his own political organization than as a critical outsider. 

Bereavements in his family just at this time lessened his public activity ; but he made 
some speeches before the campaign was over, and indulged in no bitterness toward those 
who reproached him for abandoning the leadership of Curtis and Schurz. He had pre- 
dicted, — while the fight was on in the convention and there was some chance to nominate 
Edmunds, — that Blaine could not be elected. The issue in November was very close ; but 
the Democrats won and Grover Cleveland was inaugurated as President in March, 1885, 

Air. Roosevelt had maintained the party regularity that was a valuable asset in his 
subsequent political career, while by his position in the convention of 1884 and during the 
campaign he had firmly established his position as a man of independence and self-direc- 
tion within the party councils. He followed no political boss in the New York organiza- 
tion, and he worshipped at the shrine of no popular idol. He was never wholly forgiven 
by Mr. Schurz and the leaders of the revolt ; nor, on the other hand, was he ever in full 
favor with Mr. Blaine and those closest to the ambitions of the so-called "Plumed Knight." 

But he had worked out a consistent line of action for himself, and on more than one 
occasion in subsequent years, when there might have seemed some good reason of the 
moment for acting in opposition, he preferred to stay in the Republican camp, while 
freely criticising the party's mistakes. 




THE COWBOY AND THE LOCOMOTIVE (Sec next chapter.) 

A very simple little story of the political plains, plainly told. (Roosevelt, as t lie Republican "cow 
boy" candidate for Mayor of New York, trying to lasso the Democracy, with Abram Hewitt at its head.) 

From the World (New York), October 31. Ism; 



CHAPTER III 



The Mayoralty Fight of 1886 

MR. R( >< (SEVELT had bought his ranch in the " Bad Lands " of Northwest Dakota 
near the Montana line on the Little Missouri River in the summer of 1883. and had 
invested a good deal of his patrimony in the cattle business. He had returned to 
his ranch after the convention of 1884. and was much absorbed in all the phases of frontier 
life, remaining almost continuously for the 
folli wing two years. He had published a boi >k 
on various hunting experiences in 1883. He 
founded the Boone and Crockett Club, and 
sought to know by experience as well as by 
study all those phases of pioneer life that had 
made the American people what they are. 

Yet he had by no means severed the ties 
that bound him to Xew York. Like the 
Roosevelts before him, he had grown up at 
once a t' iwnsman of Manhattan and a country- 
man of Long Island. It would not have been 
like him to transplant himself altogether. I le 
could identify himself with the Dakota pion- 
eer experiences, but it would not have been 
in keeping with his nature to break the con- 
tinuity of the Roosevelt life in and about the 
great town that had grown up where the 
original Roosevelts had settled. 

Even while he was writing his books on 
ranch life and the pursuit of large game in 
the Rockies, and while at work on his chief 
historical production. "The Winning of the 
West," he also produced a history of the City 
of New York which was published in 1890. 
He had spent some part of each winter in 
New York City; and when the municipal re- 
formers brought him out as their candidate 
for mayor in 1886 he could not refuse. 

The Republican party promptly made him 
its candidate. His father had been mayor be- 
fore him, and he himself while in the leg- 
islature had only recently secured charter 
changes for the metropolis and given great ,,„ t , «„„,.„_ 

1 ° &■ MR. R00SEA ELT 

attention to its affairs. Mr. Henry George. (In hunting costume of the early -80s.) 




The Mayoralty Fight of 1886 



15 



v.Vi^' ^ > 







THE MAYORALTY CONTEST— THEY HAD THEIfi LITTLE BOOMS 
From the New York World, October 17. Jsxr, 



who was then at the height of his fame, hail come from San Francisco t" live in New 
York; and the lahor party, together with the believers in Air. George's single-tax the- 
ory, made him a candidate for the chief city office. Tammany Hall and the Democratic 
party nominated an able business man and member of Congress, Mr. Abram S. Hewitt, 
son-in-law of IVter Cooper. 

Tt was a stirring campaign. As election day approached, certain conservative basin. ;s 
interests were alarmed lest Henry George should win, ami to make sure of his defeat 
they decided to vote with the Democrats for Mr. Hewitt. The alarm about Mr. George 
is well expressed in a cartoon from Harper's Weekly that we reproduce. Mr. Roosevelt 
received more than 60,000 votes; Mr. George more than 68,000, and Mr. Hewitt more 



16 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE RIVAL GUIDES 

(Roosevelt, Hewitt, and Henry George as mayoralty candidates.) 

A Worthy Old Gentleman of Manhattan City (Father Knickerbocker), accustomed to take to the 
woods every other November, was accosted by two experienced guides, each bent on taking him a different 
path. They were so enthusiastic over their routes that while belaboring one another with arguments, an 
Incompetent Guide (Henry George) sprang from the brush, and seizing the old gentleman by the throat, 
attempted to drag him into a very dangerous by-way much frequented by lawless men, when 

Moral. — There can be no moral to this until the Freebooter is taken from the scene. 

From Harpers Weekly, October 30, 188G 



than oo.ooo. New York at that time was a strong Democratic city, and Mr. Roosevelt's 
vote, under all the circumstances, was highly creditable. 

His defeat was not a disappointment. He had sprung unexpectedly into the fore- 
front of political life within a year or two after leaving college, and he needed an interval 
of private life for further reading and study, the building up of his mental and physical 
constitution, and the ordering of his personal and private affairs. 



A Brief Period of Private Life 



19 



present volume, the late Julian Ralph prepared 
an admirable character sketch of Theodore 
Roosevelt. Much of it is in the form of direct 
statement by Mr. Roosevelt himself. One of 
the paragraphs sums up, in his own words, 
Roosevelt's period of life in Dakota. " A man 
with a horse and a gun is a picture or idea that 
has always appealed to me," he says. " Mayne 
Reid's heroes and the life out West also al- 
ways appealed to me. I wanted to see the 
rude, rough, formative life in the Far West 
before it vanished. I went there just in time. 
1 was in at the killing of the buffalo, in the 
last big hunt, in 1883, near Pretty Buttes, 
when the whites and the Sioux from Standing 
Rock and Pine Ridge were doing the killing. 
1 went West while I was in the Assembly, in 
the long vacations — went hunting — went to 
the Bad Lands and shot elk, sheep, deer, buf- 
falo, and antelope. I made two hunting trips, 
and in 1884 I started my cattle ranch. After 
my terms in the Legislature, and until I was 
appointed Civil Service Commissioner, I lived 
most of the time out West in the summers 
and spent only the winters in New York. 1 





<EVELT AS A "BRONCHO BL'STEK" 



YOU MAY MAKE THE HORSE NERVOUS. BOYS; 
BUT YOU CAN'T UNSEAT THE RIDER 

1 A typical later cartoon, i>;is.'<i upon Mr. Roosevelt's 
Western life, as ••] favorite theme.- Judge) 

never was happier in my life. My house 
out there is a long low house of hewn 
logs, which I helped to build myself. It 
has a broad veranda and rocking chairs 
and a. big fireplace and elk skins and wolf 
skins scattered about, — on the brink of 
the Little Missouri, right in a clump of 
cotton woods; and less than three years 
ago I shot a deer from the veranda. 1 
kept my books there, — such as 1 wanted. 
— and did a deal of writing, being the rest 
of the time out all day in every kind of 
weather." 

These sentences, taken together with 
the pictures with which this brief chapter 
of our volume is embellished, enable one 
to understand quite clearly how it came 
about that the ranching period of his life 
entered into the very structure of Roose- 
velt's character and mind. And they also 
explain why in after years his frequent 
hunting trips were indispensable. The 
later. quest of great game in Africa was in 
response to that persistent call of outdoor 
life, and love of wilderness adventure, that 
has always belonged to Mr. Roosevelt's 
essential nature. 



20 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




BO 



x s 

o 

« s 

« S 

3 
BO PH 

X fe 

c a 

-i £ 

3 3 



x a 



fa w 
a S 

I I 

Z '■ 



'<* es 



50 



A Brief Period of Private Life 



21 




/tfttW* ONE OF MR. ROOSEVELT'S QUIET DAYS 

(Three cartoons in this page are from drawings by 
John T. MeCuteheon for the Chicago Tribune. They are 
of a much later period, but are all illustrative of Roose- 
velt as a hunter in the Northwestern wilderness. See 
also nest page.) 





THE PRESIDENT HAS BEEN ON THE TRAIL OF A 
GRIZZLY FOR FOUR DAYS.— [News item.] 



THE REAL BRONCHO BUSTER 

Teddy Roosevelt seems to stick pretty tight to his political 

mount. 

(Another later cartoon based on a favorite theme.) 

From the Journal (Minneapolis) 



22 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




I WISH THE BOYS'D GET DP. HERE I'VE HAD 
BREAKFAST READY AN HOUR 



f^1pfl|P@ 



il4 




/M^Tiim 






■• COME ON, BOYS ! I'VE GOT 'EM CORNERED ' 



(These two cartoons belong to the series from which reproductions are made on the previous page. Mr. McCutch- 
eon drew them for the Chicago Tribune when Mr. Roosevelt was taking a Presidential vacation in the Northwest 
country, Few cartoonists have understood Roosevelt in all his phases as well as Mr. McCutcheon, who has given us 
some of his best examples in a book called " T. R. in Cartoons." published by Messrs. A. C. McClurg & Co.. of Chicago.) 




MR. ROOSEVELT'S HOUSE AT OYSTER RAY (NEW YORK) AS ORIGINALLY BUILT BY IIIM 




THE BRAVE LITTLE GIANT-KILLER 

Spoils-System Giant: "Calm yourself, Theodore. If you go too far, you'll find yourself jerked bark 
mighty sudden by President Harrison ! 

From I'uck. Copyright, 1889. By permission 



CHAPTER V 

Battling with the Spoils System 



IN the campaign of 1888, the Republican? were victorious. Mr. Cleveland had been re- 
nominated, but was defeated by the Hon. Benjamin Harrison. Mr. Roosevelt had 
cordially supported the Republican ticket, and his friends thought him highly fitted 
to be Assistant Secretary of State. In his interval of private life, Mr. Roosevelt had again 
traveled abroad ; he was intelligently interested in foreign affairs, and he would have been 
a valuable man in the Secretary of State's office at a time when a number of foreign ques- 



24 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




POLITICAL FOOTBALL 
President Harbison : "Whal can / do when both parties insist on kicking' 
from Judge, 1889 (Now York) 





The Mob op Hungry Office- Seekers : "Harrison holds the fort. 
CLEVELAND; "Aha! Now yon know bow ii is yourself, Ben!" 

From Judge, 1889 (New York) 



Battling With the Spoils System 



25 




\ 



4k , ~*t> 






» 



rrcn 



STRAWS THAT BKEAK THE CAMEL'S BACK 

Habeison . " I >■ lake no progress with public business until I get rid of thai load of straw." 

From Judge, April C, 1889 

turns <if sonic moment won- pending. Bui Mr. Blaine, who had been an unsuccessful 
candidate for the nomination, was made Secretary of State and he had nol forgotten 
Roosevelt's attitude in the convention of 1SS4. 

Mr. Harrison, therefore, found something else for the energetic young man from New 
York and Dakota. The new civil-service act was unpopular with the politicians of both 
parties. Yet every one realized thai the spoils system had run its course, and thai the 
great business of public administration had to be put upon some basis of merit, efficiency, 
and permanence. The enforcement of the act was nol popular. No man of great politi- 
cal ambition, or high party standing, desired to be made a civil service commissioner 



26 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




From Puck. Copyright, 1S89. Bv permission 

DRAW YOUR OW> 
(When Stanley carried the firsi su-ainboat up the Congo, the natives ran along the banks, yelling with rage 



Battling With the Spoils System 



27 




■ 

ONCLUSIONS 

id striving to check Ins progress by throwing stones and other missile 



Mr Stanley got there, just the same.) 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




BOMBARDMENT OF THE WHITE HOUSE BY THE ARMY OF OFFICE SEEKERS 

From Judge, April 8, 1893 



Mr. Harrison, however, offered this 
seemingly thankless post of difficult 
service to Theodore Roosevelt, who 
promptly accepted it. 

It should be remembered that from 
the time of James Buchanan to the 
time of Grover Cleveland, the Demo- 
crats had been out of office. Thus for 
the twenty-five years from 1861 to 1885 
the Republicans had been filling the of- 
fices from top to bottom with their 
own men. The Democrats were hun- 
gry for their turn, and although Presi- 
dent Cleveland was not in sympathy 
with the spoils system, he could not re- 
sist the pressure which put scores of 
thousands of Republican office-holders, 
great and small, into private life, in 
order to meet the clamoring of the 
Democrats for at least half of the sal- 
aried positions of the government. Fur- 
thermore, in the latter half of his term, 
Mr. Cleveland was a candidate for re- 
nbmination; and he allowed himself to 
be guided by his political friends and 
supporters, and by the Democratic Na- 




XO PLACE LIKE EIOME— FOR OFFICE SEEKERS 
From the Wasp (San Francisco), March 18. 1893 



Battling With the Spoils System 



29 



tional Committee, in much that had to do with 
appointments to office. 

When, therefore, Mr. Harrison was elected in 
November, 1888, and entered upon his adminis- 
tration in March, 1889, it was natural enough that 
there should have been a furious onrush of Re- 
publican office-seekers. A large part of these 
were the indignant people who had been from 
time to time displaced during the brief four years 
of 1 lemocratic rule. 

There were three Civil Service Commission 
ers, and Theodore Roosevelt was chairman of the 
board. The law did not prevent the dismissal of 
government employees, but it provided a system 
under which appointments were to be made upon 
merit, ascertained in chief part by examinations, 
and this system was under the control of the 
Civil Service Commissioners. The system was 
ridiculed and assailed. At each session of Con- 
gress there was a formidable attempt to starve 
out the system by refusing to appropriate the 





*/.*,-*'• 



UNCLE SAM'S DISMAL SWAMP 



(It 



will have i" lii' drained I" ^-i rid of the noxious 
miasmas that arise from it.) 

From Puck, November 1.",, 1893 



THEODORE ROOSEVELT AS HE LOOKED WHEN 

REAPPOINTED TO THE CIVIL SERVICE 

COMMISSION IN 1S93 



money necessary for the expenditures of 
the Civil Service Board. 

.Mr. Harrison was a good President, and 
instinctively in favor of a business-like 
public service; but he belonged to his own 
period and he was a candidate for a second 
term. The cabinet officers and the heads 
of bureaus, in large part, wanted to appoint 
their subordinates in their own way. They 
regarded the civil-service restrictions as 
irksome. Mr. Roosevelt at times stood 
practically alone, with the politicians and 
the more partisan newspapers against him. 
But public opinion would not permit tin- re- 
peal of the civil-service law, and Roosevelt 
not only enforced it but secured its gradual 
extension, so that it applied to an ever-in- 
creasing number of public offices. 



30 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



Mr. Cleveland and Air. Harrison were again the opposing candidates in 1892, and the 
Democrats carried the day. Mr. Cleveland showed, his appreciation of the chairman of 
the Civil Service Board by asking him to remain at his post, and Mr. Roosevelt con- 
sented. Again there was the pandemonium of office-seekers at Washington. The Demo- 
crats insisted that they were entitled to the spoils of their victory. Mr. Cleveland was in 
a position to stand more firmly than in his first term for the merit system, and he and 
Roosevelt found themselves working together for efficient and economical administration 
and against the evils of the spoils system, — just as they had been working together ten 
years before in the State of New York. 

Mr. Roosevelt held this office for six continuous years, from 1889 to 1895. It was a 
peril id nf patriotic service, with little promise of glory or reward. A man of different 
physical and nervous organization would have been worn out with the nagging and worry 
.if a place that was involved in sharp, unceasing controversy. But the fights for the law. 
and against the politicians, did not worry Mr. Roosevelt in the least. He was able to keep 
it all within office hours, and it was a kind of work that gave him exceptional familiarity 
with every phase of the administrative system of the United States Government. 

It gave him, also, a vast acquaintance with the personalities of Congress, and the 
active men in all branches of the government. Within a little more than six years it was 
his destiny to become President of the United States; and few experiences could have 
fitted him so well for the Presidency as the six years of firm, incessant battling at Wash- 
ington for the systematizing of the government's work in all departments. 




Copyright by G. G. Bain, N. Y. 

Avery 1 K Andrews. Mr. Parker. Mr. Roosevelt. Gen. Fred. I'. Grant. 

THE Fori; MEMBERS OF THE NEW YORK POLICE BOARD IN ROOSEVELT'S TIME (See ni.rt chapter.) 



CHAPTER VI 



Reforming New York's 
Police Work 



T 



HERE had been fruitless endeavors for 
many years, to elect a reform mayor and 
bring new methods and ideas into the mu- 
nicipal administration of New York 
City. Mr. Roosevelt had always be- 
lieved, and said, that New York af- 
forded a boundless held of useful- 
ness for any man who chose to put 
his energies into its social or political service. At 
length, in the fall of 1894, all the anti-Tammany 
forces of the city had united upon a candidate 
and had elected as mayor Mr. William L. Strong, 
a merchant of public spirit and repute. Under 
the charter then existing, the principal function of 
the mayor was to select the heads of working de- 
partments. 

The most difficult department on many ac- 
counts was that of the police. This department 
was charged with duties far more extensive than 
the control of some thousands of policemen in 
their work of maintaining law and order, and of 
aiding in the prevention and punishment of crime. 
The Police Department was charged with the en- 
forcement of important laws of the State of New 
York that had to do with the manners and moral-. 




AN AWFUL POSSIBILITY UNDER OUR BLUE 

LAWS AS ROOSEVELT ENFORCES THEM 

From the World (New York) 




/resident Roosevelt, of the New York Polk 

Commissioners, laying down the law: •• r would 

rather see this administration turned oul because it 

enforced the laws than see it suci d by violating 

I hem." 

From the World (New York) 




NO SUNDAY DRINKS 

tr. o.<l-..o/R00S[\/E(.r 

HO SUNDAY SODA. 
To ..J.. ./ JUOCf 

NO XUNDAY- SHAWCS. ^MrM 

•■ 

W', I; 



M'A0A/u/#SM * : M'' "- 



frr orrirt ef 

BARBERS UNION 



1 i 




■-;- dm 



Father Knickerdocker : "Gracious! What next? 
From the Herald 1 New York) 



32 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




COMMISSIONER ROOSEVELT AT HIS DESK 

IN MULBERRY STREET (POLICE 

HEADQUARTERS), NEW YORK 

From a drawing made from life at the time for 
the Review of Reviews 

of the people. The Police Department, 
further, had control over the tenement 
house conditions, and at that time was 
even more important than the Health 
Department in its relations with the 
sanitary and social welfare of the 
pe< iple. 

The charter called for a hoard of four 
police commissioners, one of whom 
should be the president of the board. 
Mayor Strong asked Mr. Roosevelt to 
return from Washington to become 
chairman of the Board of Police Com- 
missioners of his native city. To have 
enforced the civil-service laws at 
Washington was, in the estimation of 
all politicians, to perform a work so 
unpopular as to destroy a man's 
chances of future preferment and 



TAMMAWY 

„ HALL 



fr^^ 



-*C5r 



3BP 




BISHOP POTTIR 

r- & 

fOKTY CLERGYMEN 

OF 

DlffeKM DtNOVUMTIBIIS 
ENDORSE 

RooS£.\z.i.r 




CIVILIZATION' AND BARBARISM 

" Whon we get in again we'll keep wide open, and 
shut up the churches — see ! " — From Harper's Weekly. 



Reforming New York's Police Work 



33 



public honor. Now he was 
asked to take upon himself the 
work of Police Commissioner 
in New York City, with the 
intention of enforcing- unpopu- 
lar laws of the State, and of 
breaking up the blackmailing 
and grafting practices which 
had for so long a time prevailed 
in the Police Department — in 
partnership with the criminal 
elements on the one hand, and 
the mercenary politicians and 
large corporation interests on 
the other hand. To attack these 
evils was to attempt a task 
of Augean stable-cleaning that 
was more unwelcome and far 
more contentious and difficult 
than to be embroiled with the 
national politicians in attempts 
to enforce the civil-service law. 
Mr. Roosevelt did not hesi- 
tate to accept this difficult of- 
fice. The eyes of the country 
were upon him in his work, 
just as they had been when at 
Albany he was dealing with 
similar questions and problems. 
All the growing cities of Amer- 
ica were wrestling with the dif- 
ficulties of municipal reform. 
The police department in most 
cities seemed to be at the very 
center of civic misrule and corruption. Mr. Roosevelt's sympathies were with every po- 
liceman who tried to do his duty, and he recognized the fact that the corruption of the 
police force was due much more to the conditions outside than to those inside of the 
body of policemen. His discipline was severe, but he became popular with the rank and 
file of the city's uniformed guardians. 

He had always been an optimist about our city populations. He explored the tene- 
ment houses, and in his brief two years as Police Commissioner he accomplished a great 
work in the destruction of unsanitary tenements and the improvement of housing con- 
ditions. He knew that must of the plain people were industrious and honest, and that 
the hordes of immigrants speaking many languages would rapidly become Americanized 
and make good citizens. He was striving in every way possible to improve their envir- 
onment, in order that these people might contribute the more effectively toward the wel- 
fare and progress of the community. 

A source of great evil and much blackmail had been the old laws of the State re- 




"THE LAW AND DUTY "— Harper's Weekly, July 17. 1805 

(Roosevelt, as the Police Commissioner in New York, enforcing 

the Sunday closing law against strong opposition.) 



. 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



quiring the closing of business places, and particularly of licensed liquor saloons, on Sun- 
day. The Sunday closing law was violated almost universally, but its existence gave 
opportunity for blackmail that at once corrupted the police force and intensified many 
other evils. Mr. Roosevelt took the ground that laws must be enforced or changed. 
He pressed his point so aggressively that Mayor Strong was alarmed and many good 
people opposed him. He worked under the further difficult}- of a divided police board. 
But he made a great record that will liv'e in the municipal life of New York. 

His work, and that of Colonel Waring as Street Cleaning Commissioner, have re- 
sulted in a stupendous advancement in the comfort, health, and safety of the great popu- 
lation on Manhattan Island that lives more densely than any other city population in the 
world. 

Fortunate progress in many directions has been made in the metropolis since Mayor 
Strong's administration. But in several of the departments, — notably those having to do 
with the daily life and comfort of the people, — the advance movement seems to have de- 
rived its great impulse from efforts made at that time with such ardor and intensity by 
department heads of whom Roosevelt and Waring were conspicuous types. All day at his 
rlesk Mr. Roosevelt was the decisive, untiring Commissioner of Police. It is the sort of 
office that no hesitant, indecisive man should ever try to fill. He was transferring good 
policemen to difficult precincts, disciplining bad ones, and sequestering indifferent ones to 
suburban beats. At night, Mr. Roosevelt was shaking up sleeping or loitering patrolmen ; 
unexpectedly appearing in police stations ; but more especially he was examining the con- 
ditions of the over-crowded tenement houses, in companionship with newspaper-men and 
reformers like Jacob A. Riis, — in consequence of which reforms of a sweeping nature have 
followed. 







MR, ROOSEVKLT'S IDEA OF HIS WORK AS A COMMISSIONER 



I know a Iso the most 
incredible difficulties 
with which yon have 
become surrounded. 



We have greatly im- 
proved the standard of 
discipline. We have pre- 
served complete order. 



We have warred 
against crime and vice 
more effectively than 
ever before. 



We have striven to 
make the police force 
the terror of the bur- 
glar. 



(Based on T. R.'s letter of resignation to Mayor Strong.) 
From the Herald (New York) 



CHAPTER VII 



Preparing the Navy for War 



MR. ROOSEVELT'S duties as 
Police Commissioner did not 
prevent his taking an active 
part in the Presidential campaign of 
[896 between Mr. McKinley and Air. 
Bryan. The great issue was that of 
the monetary standards, and Mr. 
Roosevelt opposed the Bryan doctrine 
of the free coinage of silver with an 
energy that came near leading him to 
a misunderstanding of the honest mo- 
tives of many Western people whose 
virtues in a general way he understood 
si 1 well. Though not a technical po- 
litical economist, or an authority in 
matters of monetary science and fi- 
nance, Mr. Roosevelt's clear and well- 
trained mind led him tn the firm grasp 
' if ^< Hind principles. 

There was still work for him In do 
in the fight for municipal reform in 
Xew York; hut the national conditions 







&% 


. ^ i 


' ■■ " 


^,-jP^-'\3/5Ws>.. ^ 



MR. ROOSEVELT IN THE NAVY DEPARTMENT 




A HARD RACE AGAINST TIME 
From the Herald I New York 1 



drew him again to Washington. Even 
before Mr. Cleveland went out of office 
in March, 1897, there was a high and 
ever-rising tide of American public 
opinion that demanded our interven- 
tion in Cuba for the sake of ending an 
intolerable situation. Our commercial 
relations with Cuba were intimate and 
important. Spanish administration had 
been selfish, corrupt, and detrimental 
to Cuba's welfare. 

From the time when most of Spanish 
America had established its indepen- 
dence early in the Nineteenth Century, 
Cuban revolutions had occurred one 
after another, only to he suppressed. 
But m [895 a Cuban revolt occurred 



36 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



TEDDY K00S1VXLT^NJ)% DV WAR AND PERcr 





that was managed with skill and was prepared for a long strug- 
gle. With Cuba lying so near our coasts, and with a good 
many American adventurers helping the insurgents, while 
arms and ammunition were constantly smuggled into Cuba 
from this country as a base of supplies, the situation betwee: 
our government and that of Spain had grown very critical, 
when Mr. McKinley was inaugurated in March, 1897. 

The Hon. John D. Long, of Massachusetts, was made Sec- 
retary of the Navy, and Mr. Roosevelt, who had felt strongly 
the necessity of Spanish withdrawal from Cuba, and the im- 
portance of naval preparation on our part, was willing enough 
t<> take the post of assistant secretary. The New York politi- 
cal machine stood in the way at first, but Senator Piatt's re- 
luctant consent was given at length, and on April 6 Mr. Roose- 
velt was duly appointed Assistant Secretary of the Navy. It 
was understood that in that post he was to be the active executive officer of the department. 
It must not be forgotten that our navy at that time was low in rank and that European 
naval authorities considered the Spanish navy stronger in ships, equipment and men than 
ours. There was real fear lest, if trouble came, Spain's European fleet might attack the 
Atlantic seaboard, while her Asiatic fleet, with headquarters at Manila, might occupy 
Honolulu as a re-coaling base and attack San Francisco. 



Preparing the Navy for War 



37 




s<£ HOt/J-0 ct> OUT ALt>H£ <<\r rtlGHT- 
rilTH * SEARCHL/Gtir, 



MR. ROOSEVELT AS ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE NAVY 
From the World (New York i 



Mr. Roosevelt'^ earh 
studies were of use to him 
in his new post. His 
preparation of the volume 
on our naval war of 1812 
had led him into a broad 
reading of naval history. 
He had been recognized 
in Europe as a naval 
writer, and had been asso- 
ciated with Captain Ma- 
lum in certain contribu- 
tions to a history of naval 
warfare. His remarkable 
energy had found precisely 
the work that was most 
congenial at the moment. 
He cultivated the society 
of the ablest naval officers 
in Washington, and found 




AMERICA AND SPAIN rREPARINO FOB A NAVAL WAR 
From /■.'/ Ahuizotr (Slexioo) 



8 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



out what was most necessary to be done. He had to fight against apathy and red-tape 
everywhere. 

It lias been characteristic of Mr. Roosevelt at all times that he has known whom to 
consult, and where and how to find out what things should be done. And, having found 
out, he has had the force and energy to do those things without hesitation and with sur- 
prising promptness. 

We have on record a little statement of his own which pictures the things he found 
to do while Assistant Secretary of the Navy: 

"Commodore Dewey, Captain Evans. Captain Brownson, Captain Davis. — with these and the various 
other naval officers on duty at Washington. I used to hold long consultations, during which we went over 
and over not onlj every question of naval administration but specifically everything necessary to do in 
order to put the navy in trim to strike quick and hard if. as we believed to be the case, we went to war 
with Spain. Sending an ample quantity of ammunition to the Asiatic squadron and providing it with coaL; 
getting the battleships and the armored cruisers on the Atlantic into one squadron, both to train them in 
maneuvering together, and to have them ready to sail against either the Cuban or the Spanish coasts; gath- 
erum the torpedo boats into a flotilla for practice; securing ample target exercise, so conducted as to raise 
the standard of our marksmanship; gathering in the small ships from European and South American 
waters; settling on the number and kind of craft needed as auxiliary cruisers. — every one of these points 
was threshed over in conversations with officers who were present in Washington, or in correspondence 
with officers who. like Captain Mahan. were absent." 

If. at the moment, in some of this work Air. Roosevelt's energy was not appreciated 
by his superiors in the McKinley administration, or by older naval officers who had fallen 
into easy-going habits, it was approved by the country as a whole; and its wisdom was 
destined to be admitted by everybody before the mid-summer of 1898. The late Sena- 
tor Cushman K. Davis, who was at that time chairman of the Committee on Foreign 
Relations, declared that "If it had not been for Roosevelt, Dewey would not have been 
able to strike the blow that he dealt at Manila. Roosevelt's sagacity, energy, and 
pri imptness' saved u>. 




*-%>*= 






THE NAVY IS READY 
From the Criterion (New York). May, 180S. 



CHAPTER VIII 



The Rough Rider of 1898 



IN the opening sentences of his volume, "The Rough Riders." Mr. Roosevelt says that, 
while his party was still out of power, he had preached with all the fervor and zeal he 
possessed " our duty to intervene in Cuba and to take this opportunity of driving the 
Spaniard from the Western world." And he goes on as follows : 

" Now that my party had come to power, I felt it incumbent on me, by word and deed, to do all I could 
to secure the carrying out of the policy in which I so heartily believed; and from the beginning I had deter- 
mined that, if a war came, somehow or other, I was going to the front. Meanwhile, there was any amount 
of work at hand in getting ready the navy, and to this 1 devoted myself." 

War was declared in April, 1898. The navy was as nearly ready as it could he made. 
Armies can be somehow improvised, but navies require planning in advance. When war:; 
break out, naval direction must pass over practically to the strategists and to the high 
naval officers. Thus Mr. Roosevelt felt that his period of especial usefulness at the naval 
office would have an end. 

The army of the United States consisted of scattered companies and fragments of 
regiments, located at posts and garrisons extending across a continent and comprising al- 
together only about 25,000 men. It is within bounds to say that for a great many years 
previous to the Spanish war, no officer had commanded, — even for the drills, maneuvers 
and marching of peaceful days, — as many United States troops as would be comprised in 
three full regiments. The Spaniards in their struggle against the Cuban insurrection had 
massed in that island about 100,000 troops, transported from Spain. It was evident that 




THE ROUGH RIDERS BRINGING THEIR DYNAMITE GUN INTO ACTION 



40 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



mm '. 



Mm * 






•' if "v. '• N 



I.. J -' ,//- 



ft. \\ ".' I . OT '- - A ft; 




TIJE ROUGH RIDERS ON A PRACTICE CHARGE 

we should have to do something more than gather together the scattered fragments of 
our regular army. It was necessary to issue a call for volunteer troops, and this Presi- 
dent McKinley did very promptly. 

At first. Mr. Roosevelt thought of going to the front as a member of the staff of one 
of the generals; but some obstacle intervened, and when it was proposed to form a vol- 
unteer cavalry regiment or two from the cowboys and horsemen of the Western plains, 
Mr. Roosevelt had an opportunity to form such an organization and to become its colo- 
nel. He had, however, been much in company with an army surgeon. Dr. Leonard Wood, 
then residing in Washington, and he and Dr. Wood had found themselves in entire har- 
mony regarding the Cuban question and the military situation. Dr. Wood had served 
in campaigns against the Apache Indians, where he had won credit and honor. It was 
arranged that Dr. Wood should be colonel and Mr. Roosevelt lieutenant-colonel of the 
First United States Volunteer Cavalry. Dr. Wood was slated for early promotion to a 
brigadier-generalship, and the regiment from the beginning was known as " Colonel Roose- 
velt's Rough Riders." 

It was a very picturesque organization, and remarkable in the individual efficiency of 
its members. It was made up of cowboys from Montana to New Mexico and Arizona, 
Texas rangers, young Southern horsemen and young college men of the East who were 
accustomed to riding and shooting and fond of adventure. The regiment arrived in Cuba 
in time to participate in the brief but very real campaign near Sanitago, and Mr. Roosevelt 



The Rough-Rider of 1898 



41 




Copyright by Underwood & Underwood 

COL. THEODORE ROOSEVELT, OF THE ROUGH RIDERS 

acquitted himself in a soldierly way that was quite in keeping with qualities that had 
heen developed by the accumulated experiences of his lite. In his earlier Xew York ex- 
perience he had been a member of a militia company, and he had been accustomed to 
horses and firearms from school boy days. 

The expansion of the army was sudden, and we were quite unprepared at Washing- 



42 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




ROUGH RIDERS OF THE FALL OF 1898 
From Judge (New York) 

ton lo manage it well on the business side. 
Many volunteers died in unsanitary camps 
who had no chance to go near the seat of 
war. Commissary supplies were misman- 
aged, our soldiers in Cuba were badly fed 
and supplied, and we were obliged to face 
serious scandals. Mr. Roosevelt's experi- 
ence in Cuba gave him intimate knowledge 
of these conditions, and his protests helped 
to bring about some drastic reforms. 

Soon after the war was over Mr. Elihu 
Root became Secretary of War, and there 
followed a thoroughgoing reform in army 
administration. Meanwhile it was a re- 
markable coincidence that a man who was 
destined so soon to become President of the 
United States, and therefore commander-in- 
chief of the army and navy, should have 
served at a critical time in the Navy De- 
partment and should have taken part con- 
spicuously as a soldier at the front in the 
work of the army. The story of the Rough 
Riders is a fascinating book, and Roosevelt's name, more than that of any other partici- 
pant, will remain associated with the war for the liberation of Cuba. 




pyriglit by Puc/c, 1898. By Permission 

THE ROUGH RIDERS 

They are rough on the Spaniards, whether they ride 
or walk. 




,■-'■ Us 



> 








"WE HAVE DISCOVERED IX MR. ROOSEVELT THE MISSING LINK" 
(Acceptable to Platl and the machine on one hand and to Choate, Low, and the reform wing on ilio other.) 

From the World (New York) 

CHAPTER IX 

As Candidate for Governor 

IT was in the month of August, 1898, 
that the troops came back from Cuba 
in bad condition from improper food 
and supplies, and were encamped for res- 
toration in the bracing air of Montauk 
Point at the eastern end of Long Island. 
There the Rough Riders remained until 
they were mustered out and disbanded 
on September 15. 

The people of New York were about to 
enter upon a gubernatorial campaign. 
The Republicans were charged with hav- 
ing made dishonest use of money appro- 
priated for the enlargement of the State 
canals. The so-called " Raines Law " 
had provided for turning the saloons of 




INFORMATION FOR THE COLONEL 

Boss Platt to Col. Roosevelt; " ITs a cinch, Teddy." 

From the Herald (New York) 



43 



44 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 









\ 
i r -> ' ■• - \ 





PLATT AS CYRANO DE BERGERAC 
From thn World (New York) 

New York into sham hotels to evade the 
Sunday closing law, and great abuse and 
scandal had resulted. There was just criti- 



ROOSEVELT'S CONDITION— AN UNCONDITIONAL 
BY THE REPUBLICAN MACHINE 
From Puck. Copyright 1S0S. By permission. 

cism of the management of the State insur- 
ance department, as well as that of public 
works. Mr. Piatt was at the height of his 
sway as Republican boss, and his followers 
had in so far abused their privileges of office 



RIIA8WAY 

i 




EDITING THE COLONEL 
(No. 49 Broadway was Mr. Piatt's business address, from 
which he was supposed to direct the campaign.) 
From the World (New York) 




SIGNOR TEDIUS DARING ATTEMPT 

(This double load can't be carried to Albany.) 

From the Journal I New York) 



As Candidate for Governor 



45 




BEWARE OF THE GREEK BEARING GIFTS' 
(Bos', Piatt as leading the Trojan horse.) 
From the World < New York I 



and power that they were fac- 
ing an almost inevitable defeat 
at the polls. 

It looked like an opportunity 
for the Democratic machine ; 
and the Independents, together 
with many Republicans and 
Democrats of high personal 
standing, were thinking it nec- 
essary to nominate a third can- 
didate against the machine 
tickets of the two parties. Air. 
Roosevelt had every qualifica- 
tion by his previous experiences 
to lead such a movement ; be- 
sides which his fresh popularity 
as colonel of the Rough Riders, 
and the hero of San Juan, was 
sure to add to his strength as a 
vote getter. 

< olonel Roosevelt, however, 



could not forget the politi- 
cal crisis of 1884, and he 
was reluctant to take any 
position that could put 
him outside the ranks of 
the Republican party. He 
agreed under certain cir- 
cumstances to accept an 
independent nomination, 
but he proposed not to be 
a candidate until after he 
had had a fair chance to 
see what his own party 
was going to do. Mr. 
Piatt and his chief lieu- 
tenants were thoroughly 
opposed to Roosevelt, but 
they were facing certain 
defeat if they put any man 
known to be identified 
with themselves at the 
head of the ticket. The 
alternative was bitter for 
them, but they accepted 
Roosevelt. 
He ran as a straight Re- 




"NO TIME FOR SI.FMBER" 

(The Colonel arouses his apathetic party.) 
• From tile Herald (New York) 



46 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




HYPNOTIZED BY PLATT AS SVENGALI 

lie wept with delight when Piatt gave him a smile. 
And trembled with fear at his frown." 
From the Journal I New York) 





BAGGED HIS GAME 
From the Tribune (Minneapolis) 



A -W' '■ -1h < 



THE ROUGH RIDER'S LATEST CHARGE 
From the World (New York) 

publican and gave his cordial support to the 
other names on the Republican ticket. The 
cartoonists were much concerned through 
the campaign with his relations to Senator 
Piatt as the acknowledged leader of the 
party in the State. Mr. Roosevelt's own 
point of view was clear on all such points. 
He would accept no man's dictation in any- 
thing that concerned his freedom of opinion 
i ir utterance, or his responsible actions as 
governor in case of his election. But in all 
things where custom and propriety allowed 
him to act as a member of his party he was 
prepared to consult cordially and fully with 
those who were the official heads and lead- 
ers of the party organization. He was will- 
ing to listen to suggestions from such lead- 
ers as to appointments to office, but would 
appoint no man to any position unless he 
was convinced of the man's honesty and 
faithfulness, and of his entire fitness to per- 
form the duties of the place in question. 

fn his campaign Mr. Roosevelt was en- 
tirely frank as respects administrative scan- 
dals. He promised to unearth the canal 
frauds if any were to be found, and to deal 



As Candidate for Governor 



47 







The Champion Rou&h Ridlr Of The World . 



From the Evening Post (Denver) 



needed. He was elected by a plurality of about 17.000 in a 
candidate must rm e been defeated by a large Democratic plurality. 



as unsparingly jv i t h 
wrong-doers of the Re- 
publican party as if they 
were members of the op- 
posing organization. Up 
to this time he had not 
had much experience as a 
public speaker, and the 
leaders were strongly op- 
posed to his taking the 
stump in his own behalf. 
But the campaign began 
apathetically, and Mr. 
Roosevelt, with his un- 
failing instinct for the 
dramatic, took a few of 
his cowboys with him, al- 
lowed them to tell the 
public what they thought 
of their Colonel, and the 
Rough Riders drew the 
crowds, to whom the 
Colonel appealed with his 
direct promises to intro- 
duce reform wherever 
year when a less striking 




"AND TEDDY (ROOSEVELT) COMES MARCHING HOME" 
From J udge (New York) 



CHAPTER X 

In the Gubernatorial Chair 




M 1 



.. ROOSEVELT began his term as 
governor with a message to the legis- 
lature that was ringing and states- 
manlike. The people had elected a Republi- 
can governor charged with the duty of re- 
forming conditions that the Republicans 
themselves had brought about. Governor 
Roosevelt appointed Democratic lawyers, to- 
gether with engineering and financial ex- 
perts, to examine into the expenditures of the 
canal millions. The Department of Public 
Works was reorganized on a practical busi- 
ness basis with proper men in charge. 

In the other departments of the State gov- 
ernment, the process of shifting things from 
a political to a business basis was quietly 
but firmly carried out. Great improvements 
were made in managing charitable and penal 
institutions. The insurance department and 
the bank department, under control of the 
governor of New York, have to supervise 
the insurance companies, and the banks and 
trust companies, that are the most essential 

and important of any in the nation. The work of these departments was reorganized by 

Governor Roosevelt, though the task cost him a stubborn fight. 

A board of revision was appointed to give New York an improved charter in view of 



Copyright 1898 by Rockwood. 

HON'. THEODORE ROOSEVELT 

(As Governor of New York) 




;/ , > r • - 



1 PUTTS POimc/u crn'ronf 

1 |t jT/^y 




" JUST WATCH ME, TEDDY ! " 
[Mr. Piatt essaying to subdue the legislative bronco.) 
From the World ( New York i 



PLATT'S POLITICAL CEMETERY 
From the World (New York) 



In the Gubernatorial Chair 



49 



§ s>^-™ 




GOVERNOR ROOSEVELT'S RINGING MESSAGE TO THE LEGISLATURE 

(At the beginning of his term as Governor of Now York.) 
From the World i New York) 

the recent consolidation of New York anil 
Brooklyn. The educational work of the 
State was improved, and in many way-, the 
social welfare of the people of the Empire 
State was advanced under Mr. Roosevelt's 
administration. 

The subject that proved in the end to have 
been the most influential in its bearing upon 
Mr. Roosevelt's future career was that of 
State taxation. During his early months as 
governor, a State senator, the Hon. John 
Ford, introduced a bill designed to secure 
for the State a proper revenue from public- 
service corporations, such as street railway 
companies and gas and electric lighting 
companies, which were in the enjoyment of 
unlimited and perpetual franchises. The 




Roosevelt : " Hands off, Tommy ! I'll do the driving ! " 
(Roosevelt decides at the very start to be an uu unb 
Governor, though accused of obeying Piatt.) 
From the Herald I New York) 



50 A Cartoon History of Roose- 
velt's Career 



yulaiikidrttWii'iU"^'^ 



ararni'Tas'-iniii'w.in 



Teddy C si7, S' n g>> 

*< ■ JO-PEEP PL/iTT HAS WST WIS SHEEP, 
ROT HE KNOWS WHZRt TO f!HE> ITT, 
QH, LEAVE IT.4L®Wg ' TT'U. <£0&lr MgWE 
iEWDMG 5©Mf Fclggg E BEWOT IT/' 

'g ^l,l | t |i i ,| i| l t l TiniiniTlfflli m rniMi.lhiiiiiiD iirii.nnii wjT %^itfl*H|ll|l^|l|lli^llliffigI!lBl 




GOVERNOR ROOSEVELT SHEARING THE PUBLIC FRANCHISES SHEEP WITH THE FRAN- 
CHISE TAN SHEARS, TO THE DISMAY OF MR. PLATT 

The three cartoons on this page are from the World (New York) 




THE BOSS'S ANXIETY 

Mt:. Pi.att to Governor Roosevelt : " You 
wouldn't rob the Old Man, would you?" 

(Mr. Piatt sees the possibility of campaign con- 
tributions from the corporations being diverted from 
the party by the proposed franchise tax.) 




A CRITICAL MOMKXT FOR I'.OTII 



(Mr. Piatt trying to lead the broncho. Governor 
Roosevelt, into the corporation paddock, during the 
extra session of the Legislature called to deal with 
the matter of a franchise tax.) 



In the Gubernatorial Chair 



51 



•A 



| T SPDSEVELT 

|the nm 

ICKENIMtfR 



M . 




ra'f 










W"jl fT rlfALER I* IWS 
I | || UCFHSES. 




"NO CHOICE BETWEEN HOTTEN APPLES" 

(The apples stand for the Franchise tax ; one is 
labeled "Roosevelt plan." the other "Ford plan" — 
both equally distasteful to Mr. Piatt, the marketman. i 
'From the World (New York) 



PLAITS TUMULTUOUS TIMES WITH TEDDY 

I'i.att. Tin: ■• Easy Boss's/' Latkst Utterance : 
" Peace is beautiful, but visionary. It is not for this 
age 

From the IPorid (New York) 



street railway lines, particularly those of New York City, had been formed into a vast mo- 
nopoly, capitalized at hundreds of millions of dollars by the issuing of inflated securities. 

Most of the issues of stocks and bonds were based upon the commercial value of these 
franchises, rather than upon tangible property. Senator Ford held that such franchises 
ought to be assessed at their market value, just as real estate is assessed for purposes of 
taxation. 

Public opinion and the best newspapers supported him, and Governor Roosevelt 




1 1 M ' S M 

%W I ; fffc 

Mm mfi 




if Illy 4,c ,yB 



RECEIVING A LESSON IN HARMONY 

(Mr. Piatt, who had some talent for harmony, both 
musical and political, is litre shown as giving Roose- 
velt a lesson. i 

From the Herald (New York) 



IN AMBUSH FOR THE ROUGH RIDER 

(('inker with a club labeled "To hell with re- 
form." and Piatt with one labeled " The public be 
damned.'' i 

From the World (New York) 



52 



Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




TEDDY TO THE RESCUE OF REPUBLICANISM 
(The importance to the Republican party of the Ohio 
campaign of 1890, tor its bearing on the nomination of 
President McKir.lej for « second term, caused the party 
managers to drafl a large number of distinguished office- 
holders, including Governor P.oosevclt, of New York, for 

S] hes mi thai State. i 

From the Verdict i Now York), October 30, 1899 




THE CANAL STEAL PUZZLE 
Will Governor Roosevelt interpose between fraud and 
justice I in the matter of the expenditure 'if the Barge 
Canal appropriation)? 

From the Verdict (New York), January 2, 1899 




ROOSEVELT'S IDEA OF REORGANIZATION 
(.Governor RooseveH dealing with the question of the 

'ganization "t the I', .lire Department of New York 

City.) 

From the Verdict (New York), March 1 ".. 1899 




EXCELSIOR TEDDY 
" Try not the Pass, the Old Man said." 
(Mr. Roosevelt desired a second term as Governor 
The nomination " Pass." however, is guarded by his politi- 
cal enemies — hence Mr. Piatt's warning. I 

From the Verdict (New Y'ork) 



Ill the Gubernatorial Chair 



53 



aSL-^-. 




THE STATE SENATE HAS TURNED TURTLE, SWAMPING THE TUG REFORM 

From the //• raid ( New York \ 

gave Senator Ford the backing of his support 
in so far as the principles involved in the Ford 
bill were concerned. Senator Piatt's Republi 
can machine and Mr. Croker's Tammany ma- 
K~ ly>g> 4M||r ""fe'^/^^ij'iW chine were alike opposed to the Ford scheme of 

taxing corporation franchises. Both political 

organizations derived a great part of their 

•,^- -^ y '^«ti£&W~~ i^*^i pecuniary support from the contributions they 

(\\ \ S§2f?>^r - —iBffl '*W\'' were accustomed to exact from the very set of 

corporations which it was proposed to tax 
under the Ford scheme. 

Mr. Roosevelt was urged in high and influ- 
ential quarters not to support any form of fran- 
chise tax. But he stood by the plan, called an 
extra session of the legislature, and with the 
masses of the people behind him, put the bill 
through the Senate and Assembly, gave it his 
signature, and made it a law. This action was 
typical of his brilliant administration as 

From the World (New York) "ovemor 

When the legislature assembly in January, igoo, Governor Roosevelt presented to it 
an annual message of great scope and statesmanlike ability, in which he discussed the 
problem of commercial monopolies and so-called trusts, and dealt broadly with the poli- 
cies in which it seemed to him the State of New York should point the way for other com- 
monwealths. He was looking forward to renomination as governor in the autumn of that 
year, in order that in a second term of two wars he might complete the program he had 
laid out for himself as chief of the government of the State of New York. 




" LOOK OUT FOR THE COP! " 
(Tammany Hall trying to rush a rapid transit 
plan through "Legislature 'Avenue." Roosevelt, as 
the cop, ready t'. smite it when it comes up for his 
approval at Governor Street. 1 



54 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




He maketh the Police Board like unto He beoorneth part of the whole thing He leadeth Rough Riders who never 



n dentist's shop 



in the Navy Department 



rode 




lie announceth independence of Piatt He giveth the Jay information about He worketh the tread-mill for T. Piatt 

the canal steal 

THE CAREER OF TEDDY.— From the Verdict I New York I . November C, 1899 



CHAPTER XI 

Named for the Vice-Presidency 

T~>OR American politicians, the issues of a Presidential year overshadow all other affairs 
Ij of a public nature. The year 1900 was one of much political excitement. We had 
acquired the Philippines as one result of the war with Spain. Mr. Bryan and the 
Democrats were attacking the McKinley administration on the new issue of imperialism. 
Many people besides the Democrats were criticising the administration because of Secre- 
tary Alger's unpopular management of the War Department. Governor Roosevelt was 
stoutly defending the expansion policy, and our acquisitions in the Atlantic and Pacific, but 
he was well known to be critical of the War Department. The State Department had 
blundered frightfully with the original Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, and Roosevelt had openly 
denounced it and helped to prevent its ratification. 

The administration in turn was not devotedly attached to Governor Roosevelt, and 
Secretary Alger had failed to show appreciation of the war record of the gallant colonel 




A PAGE FROM ROOSEVELT'S " OUOMWEI.L " 

(GOTernor Roosevelt's hardest personal right had 
to do with the removal of Louis F. Payn, a well- 
known politician, as State Superintendent of Insur- 

: 1 1 ■ ' I 

Executioner Platt (to Teddy the Leveler) : "I 
pray thee.' remember 1004. Thine intended victim 
[Payn] is somewhat of a leveler himself'' 
From the Verdict (New York i 



THE TWO TEDDY ROOSEVELTS 

[To he independent of Plan. 
HE wasn't afraid To punish canal thieves, 

[To refuse the Vice-Preside'ney ; 

Clio hasn't been independent of Platt. 
hut I He let the thieves get away, 

] And he's breaking his neck for the Vice-Presi- 
L dency ; 

BECAUSE in:'s AFRAID OF PLATT 

From the Verdict (New York i 



56 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




"HERE, HERE, WHAT'S THIS?" 

(Mr. Piatt conferring with Roosevelt about the Presidential nomination for 1000. President McKinley, 
himself a candidate for renomination, appears as an interested listener.) 

From the World (New York) 



of the Rough Rider?. It was supposed that the Secretary was endeavoring to keep Mr. 
Roosevelt's name off the list of those to whom Congress was voting medals of honor. 

No President ever approaches the time of his renomination without discovering that 
there are numerous people who would prefer to try a new candidate. Many critics of the 
administration were proposing to deprive McKinley of a second term, and to nominate 
Roosevelt at Philadelphia in iqoo. The more practical party managers, however, saw 
that the logic of the situation called for a second McKinley term. 

The friends and admirers of Mr. Roosevelt were planning to elect him in the fall of 



Named for the Vice-Presidency 



57 





fttSN^j 



a 






\ 






"THE LIGHT AND SHADOW OP 
1900 " 

(Roosevelt is represented as the ris- 
ing sun "i i: while Alger and the 

:mm\ scandals throw a shadow over Pres- 
ident McKinley.) 

From the TIcrald (New Torkj 



TROUBLE WITH THE PHILIPPINE BRONCHO 
I'nci.e Sam: "Say, Air. McKinley. why don't you get 
a professional like Roosevelt to ride that broncho?" — 
From the Herald (Now Y/ork) 




Six iii : i \in Ai.clu: "You're one of the round-robins; you don't get a medal." 
(Colonel Roosevelt with other officers in Cuba had sent :i "round-robin" letter to the War Depart- 
ment protesting against bad commissary supplies anil retention of sick in service, and this had been regarded 
as a breach of military discipline.) — From the Herald I New York) 



58 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE VICE-PRESIDENCY 

Roosevelt: "What! Me? Never! I'll be the whole show or nothin' ! " 

Prom the Herald (New York) 



w ,5ffl3 



5l 



" vMWM0\E7*£Wt»Mfc.D*Y. 



fey 




THE ROUGH RIDER'S EYES ON THE WHITE HOUSE 
From the Herald (New York) 



Named for the Vice-Presidency 



59 




IS HE SETTING THE SWITCH FOR THE ROOSEVELT FIA'ER? 
From the Tribune (New York) 

1900 to a second term as governor, and to bring him forward as their Presidential candi- 
date in 1004. Mr. Roosevelt's enemies, however, had a different program. The Vice- 
Presidency had always been regarded as a somewhat empty honor and as a place for dis- 
posing of men who were not wanted in active politics. The corporations that had op- 
posed the franchise tax, and that were very close to the Republican boss, Senator Piatt, 
were determined to have some other man for governor. Roosevelt was too strong to be 
defeated in a direct light. The only plan they could devise was to have him run for 
Vice-President on the ticket with Mr. McKinley, 




,-', 



■^ 



m W 



rrxJ 4$w - 



1M"-- 



W / ~^S- *0P" f?3 ^" 



^1 lm 



^K> ^V/'cSflS 



" NAY, NAY ! " 
From the World ( New York 1 







■ 





7 WW 




Tilt: MAX ON HORSEBACK 
it the World (New York) 



60 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




Yes, Willie, here is a nice little boy Nursie and I have ■• what ails you Willie?" 

found to play with yon. Treat him kindly, as he is very •• LooIi at that campaign banner that Teddy has paint 

timid and retiring." 



a. r 














rM mm 

i 

si 



'li. ■ ■■ -, 




"G Iness me, Willie, what ails you this time?" 

" We're playing Republican Campaign Trip, and Teddy's 'Yes, Willie. Xursie lias to suppress Teddy when his 

mailing all the speeches from the rear platform, and he rich uncle is visiting us. lie says too many foolish 

says I'm merely a brakeman." things." 

(These clever cartoons by Mr. Frederick B. Opper appeared in a series entitled "Willie and His Papa, 
and the Rest of the Family." published in the New York Evening Journal during the years 1900 and 1901. 
"Willie" referred to President McKinley, "Papa" was the Trusts. "Nursie" represented Mr. Ilanr.a. 
while the active little figure in the Rough Rider costume stood, of course, for the irrepressible "Teddy." Other 

prominent personalities, comprising the "Rest of the Family." wer icasionally introduced by Mr. Opper 

into the drawings of the series. I 



Named for the Vice-Presidency 



61 




COMPARISONS ARE ODIOUS 
(Why Ilanna does not want Teddy riding behind Mc- 
Kinley in 1900.1 

From the Verdict (New York), January 1, 1900 



CUTTING OUT THE YEARLING 

Teddy : " I must get my own I. rami <>n this calf before 
I. gets into the Trust Herd." 

(Referring to Mr. Roosevelt's aspirations for the Presi- 
dential nomination of 1904.) • 



From the Verdict (New Yorl 



1 91 ill 




TEDDY BESIEGED 
With a liberal supply of gubernatorial mule meat. 1 
i aay be able to hold out till 1904. 

(Governor Roosevelt, being pressed by Piatt and Quay 
to accept the Vice-Presidential nomination of 1900. in 
order to eliminate him from active politics.) 

From the Verdict (New York), May 14. 1900 



THE TAIL OF THE PRESIDENTIAL KITE 

(The "Rough Rider" tail to the McKinley kite of 1900.) 

From lie- Verdict (New York), July 9, 1900 



62 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




GOVERNOR ROOSEVELT IN THE CONVENTION 

(Senator Depew is on the extreme left, and the other three standing figures are Governor Roosevelt, Dr. 
Leslie D. Ward, and Hon. B. B. Odell. Jr. Senator Piatt's face is partly shown in the lower right-hand 
corner. The illustration is from one of the remarkable convention photographs taken by the New York 
Tribune, by whose courtesy we use it.) 



As early as February, Governor Roosevelt had issued a frank statement saying that 
under no circumstances would he accept a nomination to the Vice-Presidency, and declar- 
ing- his desire to serve the people of New York in a second term as governor. He went 
to the Philadelphia convention as chairman of the delegates from New York. The street 
railroad magnates had arranged, through Senator Quay, to have Pennsylvania lead in the 
movement to make Roosevelt the Vice-Presidential candidate. Air. McKinley and his 
manager, Senator Hanna, had other plans, but there was an insistent demand for Roose- 
velt from the Western States where Bryan was very strong. Many of these Western dele- 
gates asserted openly that they were prepared to abandon McKinley and make Roose- 
velt the head of the ticket. The pressure became irresistible and Mr. Roosevelt finally 
abandoned his preference. 

Messrs. Piatt, Quay, and the corporations had undoubtedly started the movement. 
They would not have prevailed, however, but for the genuine Roosevelt sentiment in the 
West. Roosevelt accepted the nomination for the Vice-Presidency not at the hands of 
his enemies, but at the hands of his friends. He felt that he was giving up his best 
chance for usefulness, as well as his probable future preferment. But it seemed to be his 
duty, and it was always Mr. Roosevelt's way to try to face the immediate emergency in 
honorable fashion and let the future take care of itself. 



Named For the Vice-Presidency 



63 




ROOSEVELT CANNOT GET AWAY FROM THIS STAMPEDE. LED BY PENNSYLVANIA 

From the Inquirer (Philadelphia) 

At almost every stage in his career he had illustrated the principle that the best way 
to save one's life is to seem to lose it at the call of duty. The New York political machine 
chuckled and sneered, and the enemies that Roosevelt had made through his honest and 
vigorous administration as governor thought that Samson was shorn of his locks. If Mr. 
Roosevelt's friends were a little disheartened, the governor himself was cheerful and 
buoyant. He had done his best, he was still young, and very much interested in the pass- 
ing show, and he had never allowed himself to be the victim of ambition. 




: - i 



X - 



ROUNDED UP 

(Expressing the belief that the bosses had capture,! Roosevelt) 

From the Journal ( Xew York ) 



CHAPTER \i 

His First National Stumping Tom 

SI \ \ l , mc VI ARK IIANNA, ol Ohio, who was President UcKinlev's close friend and 
political manager, was at this tim< chairman ol the National Republican * ommitti 
\i, \\y\ I,,, (who had also volunteered in the Spani li war, and had been made .1 
.,,, 1 ,,| volunteei , though he had not reached the Front) was again the Democralii 
nominee foi the Pre idenc\ lie wa the most skilful and assiduous campaign ipcakei in 
I lie country, [lis chanoi foi election were not regarded 1 by an) means hopeles 



1 










1 

- 









I III I \|| \,,\\ I H K I ■ \ I 1 N I ,1 W V....I ! I III 

\. ... . 

Main -'i the best mind • ol the count 1 \ . 
Republicans ns well as Democrats, wi 
pro(uundl) opposed to the policj ol n< ([nil 
the Philippines, with its attendant re 
organi ation .-I the nrmj and na\ 5 on .1 pel 
,u scale ol gi eal costlin< i .. and ii in 
ble sequel ol new and unti ied ad\ en 
as .1 w 01 M pov ei Some 1 me had 1 ■ 
defend these policies on the stump, in .1 tell 
in way, >>ii behali ol 1 1 1 » - Republican ticket 
\| ( . K, ,osc\ elt, hj common consent and de 
in. nnl. w as th>- man to speak foi h 






In 'I ,-,.-.K 
W. Iruvl 



, 






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MAIU'IIM li u t n ■. , II \\ \ v i rO I'm 1.1 

rum . noi il V)mth,v| inn lie mi ted, ur wo'll 
„ ilmul |li« lire 1 I « ." '■ 

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STANIUNO in I'lIK rtSKSlDKNT 
II NVw > nrk) 



Mis First National Stumping 'lour 



(.5 



1 1 ■ had, whih ci nr < hi 
in i \ ' .11 .1 governor, madi .i 
in ii able addi c bef< »i < i he 
[laiuiltoii ' lub al ' hi'.i"' 
ii' il .i i nin|i h.ii .hi" in , hiil .i 
carefully writ) en oi al ion, in 
champion hip ol lh< doctriw 
iii 1 1 n I mi <l States had 
ro ii into .1 in.ii hi ii y i'i in 
llileni '■ and po ci hich pi 

t] 1 1 • 'I till .i iinipi ol i 

1 1 . 1 1 ' nl i ' |n in iliilily |i ii Llli 
i ii .i ii nl till 'ii Id ;il l.i i ■ ■■ 

I II III i ,ii Ii' in 1 1 Roohi 

\ ' ' 1 1 , ; i ' WC 1 1 • ' ' ml, 1 1 . i ' I llOl 
in ' ii ;in ;n i • iinpli hi 'I pilbl il 

|i ■ .il ' i . Ill- had In i ii forcible 

and 'I u ■ ' i a a debate) in t lie 

. hi I Ii "i l.i i in i , bul hi 

i mil :ni orator, and had 

iiom "i 1 1 1' i ' ■ .i y gifts and 

I I n I «ii speech o < ommon 
among Amerh an polil ii ian 
and so highly developed hy 
i In prnfi ii .H.ii pl.'ii I' ,i iii m a 

i i 1 1 l!i in' i 




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I ... .... 



06 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




o 

c 



- 3 



< C, _ 



7. 

z 



E 5 & 

zl - 

Q _ y * 

I 8 I 

- i | 

- z ~ 

Y. a 2 



E2 o 



His First National .Stumping Tour 



f»7 







THE " ROUGH " IDEA IX POLITICS 

Teddy: "Ah! jusl what was Deeded to carry out the effect." 

(Mr. Roosevelt' il Cripple Creek was interrupted by .-i mob that tl 'I all sorts) 

I rom ' bi Even Ing VV« i I (ctroit i 










THE POLITICAL LOCHIXVAK'H SI I 
RIDE 
From 



Mr. R.00 • 'it had improved, however, 
in tl egard much through p 

through takin i lii^ 

platform manner or diction, through 

ing of h and 

and thi i ding in 

1 . i i and ran i of the 

thin] id ally the 

in hand 

nd on the other hand a man 

on, will succeed veil eno igh in 

i ' <]' bati 01 i m i hen real 

■ ■par- 
ity as "running mate" with P 
McKinley mad ng cam- 

hi LJn 'I tates in 
i mer and aul umn o ■■■? •< > 
d by his splendid pi lity; 

and I pea day 

' day. I I 

riou attribute of magnetic 



68 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




His First National Stumping Tour 



69 




THE PROGRESS OF THE CAMPAIGN- 
STUMPING IN" THE WEST 
From the Time* (Washington) 



.MARK IIIAN'NAi LEADING TEDDY 
From tlm Neu"8 (Chicago) 



sonality that brings audiences together, and keeps them attentive to the speaker's words. 

And his honesty and sincerity, together with the strength of his convictions, were 
bound to impress his audiences. There are some men who can never carry with them a 
campaign audience, because of their own lack of party spirit and because certain quali- 
ties of mind compel them to see both sides at once, so that they cannot lose the impartial 
and judicial spirit of history. They are hampered by philosophic doubts. Mr. Roosevelt, 
though a profound historical student, was even more the born fighter and the man of action. 

His mind was always decisive. The issue before him took on ethical aspects, and he 
saw his own side clearly right and the other side essentially wrong. 

To the group of anti-imperialists. Mr. Roosevelt's doctrines were abhorrent. Their 
timid, narrow, negative point of view was equally abhorrent to his bold and positive mind. 

Mr. Roosevelt made a tour in that campaign of 22.000 miles, made five or six hun- 
dred speeches of considerable length, was the notable figure of the season, — as he had 
been of the Philadelphia convention, — directly addressed from 3,000,000 to 4.000,000 peo- 
ple, and in the course of four months had placed himself in the rank of the half-dozen 
most effective platform and campaign sneakers in the entire political history of the country. 




TkeMXINlEY The DEWEY Th £ ROOSEVELT The BRYAN 

Leading Fall Styles of Head-wear for the Year 1000. — From 'lie EmjU (Brooklyn, N. Y.) 



• 



CHAPTER XIII 

A Half- Year as Vice- 
President 

AFTER the election early in No- 
vember, Mr. Roosevelt had still 
to serve nearly two months as 
governor at Albany. He had then an 
interval of two months in which to pre- 
pare for changing his residence to 
Washington and assuming the dignities 
of the Vice-Presidency after the 4th of 
March. He quietly resumed his literary 
work (he had already written in 1898 his 
famous book, " The Rough Riders," and 
in 1899, while governor, had written a 
characteristic life '■ of- " Oliver Crom- 
well"), spent a much-needed winter 
vacation hunting the cougar, or moun- 
tain lion, in the Rocky Mountains, with 
pen as well as with gun, and reconciled 
himself to the prospects of four years of 



/ . 







OUR VICE-PRESIDENT-ELECT 
From the Times (Washington i 



€fe,< 




THE ELECTION OF McKINLEY AND ROOSEVELT 

G. O. P.: "Four — four — four years more." 

From the World (New York i 




PRESIDING OVER THE SENATE 
From the Post (Washington) 



A Half-Year as Vice-President 



71 




WILLIE (McKINLEY) AND HIS PAPA (THE TRUSTS) 

The Trusts: "No, Teddy, you haven't got a living 
show for that piece of pie (the Presidential nomination of 
1904) ; nursie (Hanna) has her eye on it." 

^^_^ From the .!"ti>-)i>il fXew York) 




" Easy Boss " I'i.att 
he next President." 




SORB THING 

New York will furnish 



Roosevelt 


1 














Reed 














Odeli 


i 








if h 


1 means 


ine 


Root 














Fn 


III 


be 


,/i 


urn a 


iM 


nneapo 


is) 



RUSHING THE BABY SHOW 

Uncle Sam: "You're altogether too early, ladies; 
open for a good while yet." 

From the Journal (New York) 



the show doesn't 



^elf-repressed, observ- 
ant, and studious life in 
the functionless office of 
Vice-President. 

The Senate was con- 
vened for a brief session 
in March to confirm the 
President's appoint- 
ments. And thus Mr. 
Roosevelt had his op- 
portunity to sit as its 
presiding officer for a 
few days. The regular 
session was not to begin 
until the first week in 
December, and it so 
happened that this brief 
experience in March 
completed his service as 
presiding officer of the 
Senate. 

Already the politicians 
were looking forward to 
the year 1904. They 



72 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




' Why, Willie, you seem angry. What is irritating you? " 
Teddy is getting up a ' Hall of Fame,' and I ain't in it." 



"Crying again, Willie? What is it now?" 
"Teddy isn't satisfied with riding his horse; he wants 
to ride the elephant, too." 




"What's the row here, Willie?" 
Well, well, Willie; what is it this time?" "Teddy is going out to Meeker, Colorado, next week to 

strels, and Teddy wants shoot Bountain lionS| and he - s pract j cing a mt le before- 
hand." 



to be the two end men and the middleman, too." 



(Another group of cartoons taken from Mr. Opper's series of "Willie and His Papa." These also ap- 
peared in the Evening Journal, of New York, after the election of the MeKinley-Roosevelt ticket in the fall of 
1900, ami during Mr. Roosevelt's brief period of service as Vice-President.) 



A Half- Year as Vice-President 



73 



supposed that Mr. Odell, or possibly ex-Speaker 

Reed (who had retired from Congress and had 
come to New York to practice law), might secure 
the support of the New York delegation and carry 
off the Presidential honors. Mr. Roosevelt, how- 
ever, with no machine behind him, had won hosts 
of ardent friends throughout the country in typ- 
ical groups, like the Hamilton (.'luh, of Chicago, 
and other Western organizations. Many of those 
whu had professed to he his close political friends 
in fair weather, had sought other political society. 
Among the time-serving politicians, Roosevelt's 
stock had declined to a low figure, hew men are 
si' little able to discern the real signs of the times 
in American politics as the machine leaders. 
The\' know the rules of the game as they play it 
themselves, hut the larger forces of public opin- 
ion are quantities that they can never estimate. 

At the very time in July and August, 1901, 
when they were must certain t hat Mr. Roosevelt 
had been excluded from influence and power in 
the politics of his own State, and sidetracked from 
a career that would have led to the Presidency or 
tn the Senate, the Roosevelt movement was, in 
fact, taking on strength and form throughout the 
win ile country. Hosts of influential men were 
joining in it, though mainly without the cogni- 
zance of the old-fashioned professii tnal politicians. 
The men of the earlier political type could 
not understand that a new era had dawned 
in American affairs. With the rising men of a new generation, Roosevelt was stronger 
than any one else. These men had made it plain to Mr. Roosevelt that they were deter- 
mined to control the national convention in his interest in 1004: and while he was taking 
mi active steps himself, he could not refuse to listen and to observe. 

Meanwhile Mr. Roosevelt was determined to be ready for whatever might happen. 
lie resumed the reading of law that had been interrupted by his election to the legisla- 
ture exactly twenty years before. His repute was such that he could not have failed at 
the end of four years in the Vice-Presidency to form connections that would enable him 
to earn an easy competence at the bar. 

He laid out projects, moreover, for literary work; and proposed to use his sojourn 
in Washington and his seat in the presiding chair of the Senate to add every day to his 
already extraordinary knowledge of the men and the subjects about which a President ought 
to be well informed. 

For a good while previous to the convention of 1000, the Yice-Presidencv had as a 
rule been regarded with disfavor by men of ambition, and had usually been conferred upon 
men either of advanced years or comparative obscurity. Roosevelt's fame and position 
were already national, he had youth in his favor, and he could afford to take his chances 
in a great country where opportunities, whether in public or in private life, seemed well- 
n isrh boundless. 




Till: F0UKTH OF MARCH, 1901 

i A photograph taken on the day when Theodore 
Roosevelt was sworn in as Vice-President of 

the United States.) 




REINCARNATION 

(President Roosevelt making the statement: "It shall be my aim to continue absolutely unbroken the policy 

of President McKinley.") — From Judge. 



CHAPTER XIV 



Assuming the Presidency, 



IN September, 1901, Mr. Roosevelt was 
spending a few days in the wilderness 
of the Adirondacks. President McKin- 
ley had gone to Buffalo, New York, to visit 
the Pan-American Exposition and make an 
address. It was on September 6 that the 
country and the world were shocked by the 
news of the shooting of Mr. McKinley at the 
hands of an anarchist. Mr. Roosevelt was 
found and hurried to Buffalo, where the 
cabinet was gathered, awaiting the inevi- 
table end. 

Mr. McKinley died on the 14th, and Mr. 
Roosevelt at once took the oath of office at 
Buffalo. In Mr. McKinley's first term. Mr. 
Hobart, of New Jersey, had been Vice-Presi- 
dent, and it had been Mr. McKinley's 
method to treat Mr. Hobart as a close per- 
sonal and official adviser, rather than to hold 
him aloof. If Mr. Hobart had lived, he 
would have been renominated in 1000. and 




HIS DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE 

(Apropos of President Roosevelt's policy with re- 
gard to appointments to office, ) 

From Puck. Copyright, 1901. By permission 



Assuming the Presidency 



75 



PUNCH, OR THE LONDON CHARIVARI.— September 25, 1001. 




"THE ROUGH RIDER." 

WIT1I MR. PUNCH'S BEST WISHES TO PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT. 



76 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




VACCINATING THE TRUSTS 

Give the doctor time; his patient has a lot of arms 
that aeed attention. 

From the Journal (Minneapolis) 



A GLIMPSE INTO THE FUTURE.— FAST AND 

TIGHT 

(President Roosevelt endeavoring to regulate the 

trusts by proper Government control.) 

From the Pioneer Press (St. Paul) 



Mr. Roosevelt's career, however distinguished, must have been different in its external 
facts. When Mr. Roosevelt was selected at Philadelphia, Air. McKinley promptly as- 
sured him that if the ticket should be elected, he would expect to treat Mr. Roose- 




THE TARIFT-REVISION HOUSE AND THE CON- 
GRESSIONAL RIDER 
President Roosevelt: " I could ride that critter, 
but I haven't any intention of trying it." 
From the Tribune (Minneapolis I 



THE ROUGH RIDER TO THE RESCUE 

(President Roosevelt assisting in the completion of 
a reciprocity treaty with Cuba, i 

From the Journal (Minneapolis) 



Assuming the Presidency 



77 




THE AMERICAN HERCULES 
(A Swiss tribute to President Roosevelt. After the as- 
sassination of President McKinley President Roosevelt 
took vigorous measures :iu r .'iinst Anarchists.) 
From V' bel8palter i Zurich i 




THE NEW BROTHERHOOD OF STRENUOSIT1 

i Apropos <>f the German Emperor's request as to his 
American yacht.) 

From the North Vmerican (Philadelphia) 



velt exactly as he had treated Mr. Hobart. Mr. McKinley had been true to this promise 

in so far as he had found opportunity. 

Mr. Roosevelt, furthermore, was on terms of personal friendship with several mem- 
bers of Mr. McKinley's cabinet. In 
an article prepared at the request of 
the present writer, for the Review of 
Reviews, in 1896, Mr. Roosevelt had 
discussed the office of Vice-President, 
and had held that its incumbent 
should have close and harmonious re- 
lations with the President and the 
cabinet in order to preserve continu- 
ity of policy and of administrative 
work in case of his being called to the 
executive chair through the Presi- 
dent's death. 

Mr. Roosevelt, therefore, did not 
have to hesitate or take counsel in 
September, in order to decide pre- 
cisely what his general course of 
action should be. Because he knew 
his own mind, he was able to give the 
country instant and welcome reas- 
surance. The fact that he was de- 
votedly loyal to Mr. McKinley and a 
supporter of the administration's 




BRER LION AND BBEB EAGLE 
" 1 ain't gwineter peck yo' tail, Brer I. inn," sez Brer 
Eagle, sezee ; "hut aen agin, I ain't gwineter gush 'bout yo'. 
Brer Linn he 'low dey kin git 'long tine on dat track." 

("lie has never gushed over England; nevertheless, his 
admiration and respect for England are sincere." Daily 
Chronicle correspondent on President Roosevelt's Policy. 1 
From the Westminster Budget 



78 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE NATION ENDORSES PRESIDENT ROOSE- 
VELT'S COURSE 
From the Times (Minneapolis i 

policies, made it the easier for him to as- 
sume his new responsibilities. 

He immediately declared that it would be 
his intention .to carry out unbroken the 
pending plans and policies of the administra- 
tion in accordance with Mr. McKinley's 
well-known views. He further invited every 



THE WASHINGTON SCHOOLMASTER 
From the Chronicle (Chicago) 




ROOSEVELT'S BIGGEST GAME 

From the Herald (New York) 



Assuming the Presidency 



79 




ANOTHEH DEMOCRATIC DISASTER 

(President Roosevelt, by his anti-trust legislation and his settlement of the coal strike, has pulled out tt 
main supports of the Democratic platform for the impending campaign.) — From Judge 



member of Mr. McKinley's cabinet to re- 
tain his portfolio, with an earnestness that 
not one of them could withstand. 

Almost at once in his administration he 
had to face the problem of enforcing the 
Sherman anti-trust law against railroad 
and industrial combinations. He took 
the safe position that it was his business 
to enforce the laws, and to follow the ad- 
vice of the Attorney-General on the ap- 
plication of the law to any given case. 
This explains the action against the 
Northern Securities Company broughl 
early in his administration by Attorney- 
General Knox. 

In every subsequent case under that 
law, Mr. Roosevelt was not the crusader 
against modern business methods or ag- 
gregations of capital, but he was the firm 
executive, sworn to enforce the law, and 
acting always on the advice of his consti- 
tutional counselors, like Attorney-Gen- 
eral Knox, and Secretary Root who was 
then at the head of the War Department. 

< tbviously, there were new policies to 
be shaped and executed relating to our 



'fy — - i 




"WE SNATCHED THE CLOTHES OF THE 
WHIGS WHILE THEY WERE IN SWIMMING "— 
Disraeli. 

(Referring to President Roosevelt's activity 
against the trusts, which the Democrats looked upon 
as being essential, according to Democratic doctrine.) 
From the Eagle (Brooklyn, N. Y. i 



80 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE NEW HERCULES 

From Nebels-palter (Zurich) 

(President Roosevelt begins to figure prominently 
in the foreign cartoons. In most of them ho is well 
treated, although the Germans already show signs 
of treating him with th.it disfavor .which they have 
dsited of late upon all things American and English. 
In the drawing from Kladderadat&ch, on this page, 
he viands at Uncle Sam's elbow while that old gentle- 
man swaps stories with John Bull about their re- 
spective bad legs, labeled the Transvaal and the 
Philippines, i 









Uncle Sam : " I guess I can 
giving now." Inquirer (Phil., 



;et ready for Thanks- 
November, 1002) 




WHY NOT AN AUTOMATIC SUBSTITUTE? 

" It is announced that the President will omit 
handshaking during his Western tour." 

From the Eagle (Brooklyn, N. Y. I 




JOHN" BULL AND UNCLE SAM THE MOUNTAIN- 
CLIMBERS 
From Kladderadatsch (Berlin) 



Assuming the Presidency 



81 




THE HANDWRITING <>N THE BAND WAGON 

From th<> Uriah! (New York) 

occupation of Cuba and our acquisition of 
the Philippines and other insular posses- 
sions. But Secretary Root was in direct 
charge of all these insular matters, as well 
as of army reorganization; and Mr. Roose- 
velt, besides having profound respect for 
Mr. Root's legal and executive talents, had 
always been able to work with him in per- 
fect harmony and co-operation. 

Mr. Roosevelt's personality impressed 
itself at once upon European statesmen and 
the foreign press. His face became familiar 
in the illustrated papers and cartoons of 
Europe. He was frequently likened, in his 
energetic and versatile qualities, to the Ger- 
man Emperor. 

That distinguished monarch almost im- 
mediately, through diplomatic and less for- 
mal channels came into friendly touch with 
the American 1 'resident. He sent his 
brother. Prince Henry, to visit this country 
and to give his greetings to President 
Roosevelt. The Emperor ordered an Amer- 





r 



■ LOOK OUT, TEDDY ! '* 
From t he Times 1 1 tenver i 



82 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



ican yacht, and the President's daughter christened it at the launching in the presence of 
Prince Henry and Mr. Roosevelt. 

The English press was cordial and appreciative, and felt that Roosevelt was a man of 
broad views of international affairs, while finding also some reassurance in his retention 
of Mr. John Hay as Secretary of State. 

Even more sensational, at the time of it, than the prosecution of the Northern Securi- 
ties Company, was the President's intervention in the great anthracite coal strike in Penn- 
sylvania in IQ02. The former case had involved a combination of three great Western 
railroad systems. The coal situation was the result of a stubborn contest between the or- 
ganized miners who desired better pay, better conditions of labor, and the recognition of 
their union, and the five or six railroad corporations that had monopolized the anthracite 
coal production and were managing it for their own associated welfare. 

The strike was so stubborn and complete that there was danger lest the great cities 
of New York and Philadelphia should be without their supply of fuel during the season 
of 1902-3, and general business interests were also suffering. The workmen desired to 
arbitrate, but the so-called coal barons refused, and stood upon their rights to manage 
their own affairs in their own way. 

Mr. Roosevelt found that the law permitted him, through the Bureau of Labor, to 
make inquiry into all the facts and to seek to bring about conciliation. In the end he 
was able to secure a satisfactory arbitration, as a result of which the men were gainers; 
and the anthracite industry has been carried on in a peaceful way ever since. 

The President's leadership in these matters had the approval of the country, and re- 
sulted in the election of a Republican Congress in the fall of 1902. 

Furthermore, several State conventions, as for example those of the Pacific Coast, 
Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and others, — looking ahead two years, — made formal declara- 
tion of their intention to support Mr. Roosevelt for President in 1904. 





..'J9 FLyp*' ■■'..! 








■ '•^'^i&nm HP 



Copyright, Underwood & Underwood. 

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AS AN OPEN-AIR SPEAKER IN THE FALL OF 1902 



CHAPTER XV 

Asserting the Monroe Doctrine 




THE VENEZUELA AFFAIR 

The Powers (to President Roosevelt) : "Would you 
mind caging yonder bird for me?" 

Frum the Pioneer Press (St. Paul) 







THE INTERNATIONAL ALPHONSE AND GASTON 

Alphonse Roosevelt : " You arbitrate it, my dear 
Gaston." 

From the Journal i Minneapolis) 



TO ROOSEVELT 

From Tagarela I Rio Janeiro i 

(The above cartoon is from a weekly journal of 
politics and affairs published :il Rio de Janeiro, — of 
course, in the Portuguese language, — called Tagarela. 
It is accompanied by a poem in four stanzas, which 
accuses the United States, under the tutelage of 
Roosevelt, of wishing to carry on further annexation. 
Rut this policy, it declares, has its dangers and nnxi 
eties ; and while the "Monroe crowd" may push 
their policy by force in other directions, Brazil won't 
stand it, — "no, sir" (noo senhor) ! "Why." says 
this Portuguese rhymster, " do you send your iron 
tuli, which you call by the Indian name Iowaf If 
you propose to put your claws on Acre, you had bet- 
ter leave ; " with more to the same effect.) 



84 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 





THE MONROE DOCTRINE 

i A resounding word in the President's mouth. I 

From Nebelspalter (Zurich) 



OUR TURBULENT NEIGHBORS TO THE SOUTH 

(Teddy no sooner turns his back than the children 
ix-uin to make trouble, i 



From Pasquino (Turin) 



EARLY in [903 several situations gave oppor- 
tunity for the fresh declaration by Mr. 
R01 isevelt of our interest in the affairs of the 
Latin-American republics, in accordance with the 
spirit of the Monroe Doctrine. The subjects of 
several European powers were in despair of be- 
ing able to obtain compensation for claims due 
them from the government of Venezuela. A 
number of American citizens were in the same 
plight. A joint naval expedition was undertaken 
by Germany, France, and Holland to blockade 
Venezuelan coasts, seize ports and custom 
houses, and collect by force the sums considered 
by them to lie due to their subjects. 

Our government did not wish to see even a 
temporary occupation of South American soil by 
European governments on the pretext of collect- 
ing private debts. We were able to persuade 
President Castro on the one hand and the Eu- 
ropean powers on the other, to send represent- 
atives to Washington in order to ascertain what 
sums were fairly due under the claims. We then 
undertook to see that such claims as were al- 
lowed should in due time be paid. The position 
of our government made some sensation in Eu- *° h,,,p m " in ir ' 04 in tlle Presidential tight- 
rope and a profound impression in South America. From the Moon (Toronto) 




THE ADOPTED CHILD 

Mi;. Roosevelt : " It'll be some time before he's 
fully developed, but I expect he'll be big enough 



Asserting the Monroe Doctrine 



85 



Pmama -vcrnai 



Si 




MffllW 



THE TEACHER AND THE PUPILS 

Roosevem to the Senate: " Boys, this buns me more than it does you." 

(President Roosevelt, having made plans for a Western vacation tour, is anxiously awaiting the close <>l 

the Congressional session.) — From the Inquirer (Philadelphia) 

Our genera] attitude toward Latin America was the more sharply observed, because 
at that time we were in the thick of negotiations preliminary to constructing the Trans- 
Isthmian Canal. The war with Spain had brought that long-dreamed-of project into the 
domain of actual possibilities. We had sent the battleship Oregon on a memorable voy- 
age from the Pacific Coast around the continent of South America, to join our fleet in 
Cuban waters and strengthen it for the attack upon the Spanish squadron. We had real- 
ized the need of a canal for the sake of better protection of both coasts. 

Furthermore, our new insular possessions in both oceans called for the Panama Canal 
as a logical sequel. A French company had obtained from the Republic of Colombia the 
necessary concession to dig a canal across the Isthmus of Panama. Many millions had 
been unwisely spent, great corruption and scandal had attended the history of the com- 
pany in France, the enterprise had failed, and private capital was not available to resume 
it. Our American engineers for many years had preferred the Nicaragua route, and a 
private company had been formed which had made some beginnings. But the inevitable 
conclusion had been reached that no canal in the near future could be constructed, by 



86 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE MASTER OF THE WORLD 

Pope Roosevelt: "All that lies to the left of 

liis mark comes under the American political sphere 

— and all on the right belongs to American trade." 

Frcm hnfttig Bliitter 



NO DISARMAMENT 

(The "Big Stick " is needed for evils at home as 

well as for possible use abroad.} 

From the Gazette-Times (Pittsburg) 





Columbia : " Pianissimo, Teddy ! " 
From the Sun (Baltimore) 



PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AND OLD EUROPE 

From Lc Hire (Paris) 



Asserting the Monroe Doctrine 



87 



either route, unless the United 
States Government should make a 
public enterprise of it and provide 
the necessary millions. 

The country was almost unani- 
mously prepared to proceed with 
the Nicaragua work when, by the 
efforts of the friends of the Panama 
scheme, a board of engineers was 
authorized to report upon the engi- 
neering and financial feasibility of 
both routes. It had been decided 
finally that Panama should be pre- 
ferred if the assets of the French 
company could be bought for not 
more than $40,000,000. The next 
step was the drafting ©f a treaty 
with Colombia through Minister 
Herran and President Maroquin. 
Congress was called in special ses- 
sion to ratify this treaty, and also 
to pass upon the new constitution 
for the Republic of Cuba. 

This constitution, with the sig- 
nificant part of which Secretary 




ma mm Lm®% 

©KWglM tXJWS BSEK) 
TOS Eaire Of TCO0SS 

oca ff®m&g& ma-nms,' 







■jfj&gB. 




A PRACTICAL FORESTER 
'A subject that had attention all through Mr. 
Roosevelt's Presidency, t 
From the Pioneer Press (St. Paul) 




A GRIZZLY PATH : PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AND THE TRUSTS 
President Roosevelt: "Is it safe to shoot?" 
The Bear: "Does he mean business?" 

From the Westminster Dud/jet (London) 



88 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THEODORE ROOSEVELT, PRESIDENT OF THE EXITED STATES 
From Kladderadatsch (Berlin) 



Asserting the Monroe Doctrine 



89 



Root was identified, was one of the must 
important acts of statesmanship of all our 
recent history. It brought Cuba perpet- 
ualh under our guaranty of internal order 
and financial responsibility. 

The special session ended, Mr. Roosevelt 
was off for a Western trip, where in the 
Rocky Mountains he hunted the grizzly 
bear. lie returned to a summer at Oyster 
Bay, where many questions of interest 
came before him, one of them being the 
endeavor to present to the Russian govern- 
ment the American view of the treatment 
of Jews in the Czar's dominions. 

Another question of exceptional interest, 
relating also to our position on the North 
American continent, was the dispute with 
Canada regarding the Alaska boundary. 
This was settled by a tribunal, of an arbitral 
nature, composed of Americans on one side 
and Canadians and Englishmen on the 
other. It was a great triumph to have set- 
tled the Alaska boundary by amicable 
methods, and to have retained our un- 
broken coast-line as we had benight it from 
Russia. 




.—A FRIENDLY 



100SEVELT AND THE CZAR 
EXCHANGE 

"You cut up your Jews, I'll burn ru; neg 
or. "Little presents preserve friendships 

From KlafliUratlalsch < Berlin 




ONE LITTLE MATCH MIGHT HAVE FIRED OFF 
THE WHOLE BUNCH 

From the Tribune (Minneapolis) 



VACATION LAVS AT OYSTER BAY 
From the 7 1 Iburn | M inneapolis i 




SARGENT'S PORTRAIT OF PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT 

(John S. Sargent, the eminent portrait painter, painted a picture of President Roosevelt in 1903, which 
met with favor at t he White House and lias remained there as the official portrait.) 



CHAPTER XVI 



Panama, — A New Sister Republic 




ON TO PANAMA! 
From the Herald < New York) 



HE Congress of Colombia, sitting at 
Bogota, refused to ratify the treaty 
that it^- diplomatists had signed. It 
was in every way to the advantage of Colom- 
bia to have the United States dig the canal 
that the French company had abandoned. The 
treaty proposed that we should give Colombia ten million dollars for the privilege of con- 
ferring upon her a benefit of incalculable value. To have had us revert to the Nicaragua 
route would have been disadvantageous to Colombia for many centuries. 

Furthermore, our return to the Nicaragua plan would have been ruinous to the peo- 
ple of the Isthmus of Panama, who were under no obligations whatsoever to the merce- 
nary politicians at Bogota. Again, our choosing Nicaragua as the alternative would have 
made it impossible for the French company to have obtained its expected forty million dol- 
lars. Under these circumstances, the Isthmus of Panama declared itself an independent 



92 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE MAN ItEHIND THE EGG— From the Times (New York) 

republic, all in the twinkling of an eye, with the substantial encouragement of the repre- 
sentatives of the French canal company, and with no unfriendliness or discouragement on 
the part of our government at Washington. 

The few Colombian troops on the isthmus made no resistance. American warships 




THOSE LITTLE FELLOWS WANT TO LOOK OUT 
WHEN I TOSS THE BALL 
( Mr. Francis" R. Loomis, who is here pictured as throwing 
the Medicine Ball of the "New Diplomacy," was Assistant 
Secretary of State at the time of the Panama revolution, and 
was very active in the negotiations having to do with that 
affair) — From the Herald (New York! 



Panama, — A New Sister Republic 



93 



were prepared to keep order. The ten million 
dollars that Bogota had refused was gladly 




THE NEWS REACHES BOGOTA— From the Herald I New York) 

accepted by the new Republic of Panama. The treaty was promptly signed that estab- 
lished our rights in the canal zone, and put the new republic virtually under our protec- 
tion. The President of the United States was authorized by Congress to appoint a board 
of canal commissioners and to proceed with the work of construction. And all this con- 
stituted a notable episode in our history. 




94 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




^ 



Uncle Sam : " He's good enough for me." 

(This striking cartoon by Homer Davenport was widely circulated in newspapers and on billboards and 
became the most prominent campaign document of the Republican party in 1904.) 
From the Evening Mail (New York) 



CHAPTER XVII 



The Unanimous Endorsement of His Party 




•• DELIGHTED! " 
(Senator Hanna, himself an aspirant for Presidential honors, reluctantly handing to President Roose- 
velt tl ndorsement of the Ohio convention.) — From the Herald (New York) 



M 1 



. ROOSEVELT had been having the sort of strenuous experiences as President 
that were in every way congenial to him, and the American public had undoubt- 
edly approved of his policies and ac- 



tions in most essential respects. It was not 
to be expected, however, that his renomina- 
tion could come without opposition. 

Senator 1 1 anna, of Ohio, chairman of the 
National Republican Committee, and close 
friend of the late President McKinley, had 
become the most masterful personage in the 
Senate, not excepting Mr. Aldrich. Sena- 
tor Hanna had broadened his interests. He 
espoused the cause of organized labor. He 
accounted himself responsible more than 
any one else for the practical steps that 
were making the Panama Canal a realized 
fact. In short, he was a candidate for the 
Presidency, and was effecting a powerful 




•POSSUM OR CHICKEN? 
< Capturing t\t<- colored vote ' > 
From the Herald (Baltimore) 



96 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



K&f 




TAKING THE BULL BY THE HORNS 

i This carl i refers to the action of the President .1 

bringing suit against the Northern Securities Com- 
pany, i 

l"r : i the Journal (Minneapolis) 



sum;; TROUBLE WITH THE TARIFF TEA); 
From the Eagle (Brooklyn, New York) 
(Ohio, led by Ilanna, had adopted a "stand-pat" bigh 
tariff platform, and Iowa had accepted Cummins' planks 
on reciprocity and revision. I 




BLOCKING THE WAY 

(Senator Aldrieh's financial reforms in that session of 
1902-:S were blocked by the muss of business in the House 
of Representatives.) 

From thi' Times (Minneapolis) 



UNCLE SAM'S NEED OF AN ELASTIC CURRENCY 

President Roosevelt : " You see, those galluses ought 
to have rubber iu them, so that when L T ncle Sam stoops 
to move the sheaf there won't be much strain on the 
buttons." 

From the Pioneer Press (St. Paul) 



The Unanimous Endorsement of His Party 



97 



organization of politicians 
throughout the country 
in his own behalf. 

A good many States as 
early as 1902 had en- 
dorsed Roosevelt. The 
question arose whether 
the Ohio convention of 
1903 would speak favor- 
ably of his administra- 
tion. Mr. Roosevelt, who 
was hunting in the West, 
sent a famous message 
that resulted in Ohio's 
recognition of him in its 
platform. There was tar- 
iff agitation in the air, 
with Senator Hanna as 
the champion of the high- 
tariff " stand-pat " pol- 
icy. — to use his own 

U.VCLE Sam: "Now lets see you punch the bag." phrase, while the West- 

From tb,. Hernia (New York) ern leaders like Governor 

Cummins, of Iowa, were demanding revision. A great financial discussion was pending, 
moreover, having to do with the need of a different banking and currency system. 

Mr. Roosevelt's tone was progressive, but his attitude was expectant rather than posi- 
tive touching such questions. Those were matters for Congress rather than for the execu- 
tive. Cut when serious scandals were cur- 



rent regarding the administration of the 
business of the postal system, Mr. Roose- 
velt was in no doubt as to his responsibility. 





HE LAUGHS BEST WHO LAUGHS LAST 

Ha, ha : the cat i 



The Democratic Doxkf.y : 
out of the bag." 

The Steeneous Repeblican Boy 
will soon be a dead cat." 



" Yes, but i: 
From the Journal (Minneapolis) 



THE FOREMAN GIVES ORDERS FOR RUSH 
Work 

From the Times (Minneapolis) 




DRIVE THE KNIFE IN UP TO THE HILT! From Judge, December 12, 1903 
(President Roosevelt vigorously prosecuting corrupt corporations, as well as grafters and others, as. 
a result of the thorough investigation of the Postal frauds made by Fourth Assistant Postmaster-General 
Bristow, who later became a United States Senator from Kansas.) 



The Unanimous Endorsement of His Party 



99 



He took hold of the work of postal inves- 
tigation with such vigor that he left no op- 
portunity for the Democrats to make capital 
in the approaching campaign out of abuses 
which otherwise might have led to Repub- 
lican defeat. 

As the time for the choosing of delegates 
for the 1904 convention approached, the 
movement for Mr. Ilanna's nomination dis- 
integrated, partly because of the great 
strength of President Roosevelt with the 
people, and also partly because of the se- 
rious breakdown of Mr. Ilanna's health. 
< >ne after another of the great State--, in 
their local com entions, instructed their dele- 
gates to support President Roosevelt. Ohio 
itself fell in with the general movement and 
sent a delegation instructed for the Presi- 
dent. 

The convention at Chicago turned out to 
be a great spontaneous demonstration in 
favor of the man who had acceptably served 
out three and a half years of Mr. McKinley's 
unexpired second term. If President Mc- 
Kinley had lived Vice-President Roosevelt 
would have been a candidate for the nomina- 
tion in 1904. But he would not have been 
personally identified with the many stirring 




ONLY COMPETENT NAVIGATORS NEED ArPLY 
From the Post (Cincinnati) 




"A BIRD IN THE HAND IS WORTH TWO IN 

THE BUSH " 

From the Press (Cleveland) 



■St 

THE SNOW MAX AND Till: IDT SUN 
From the Pri ss (Cleveland 



100 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 










THE VALUE OF THE BINDER IN HARVEST-TIME 
(Apropos of the pledgiug 01 : ' binding " of various State delegations to support Mr. Roosevelt in the nom- 
inating convention.) 
From the Brooklyn Eagle (New York) 

matters, both foreign and domestic, that had been crowded into the busy period from 
1901 to 1904; and no one can make even a sagacious guess as to what would have hap- 
pened. Senator Fairbanks, of Indiana, was nominated for Vice-President. Under other 
circumstances, Mr. Fairbanks would have been a formidable Candidate for the Presidency. 
His friends had declared that he was the natural successor of Mr. McKinley, and that it 
had been Mr. McKinley 's hope and wish, if he had lived, that Mr. Fairbanks should suc- 
ceed him. But the bluff, powerful Hanna had intervened, and with the disintegration of 
the Roosevelt opposition which had centered around the chairman of the National Com- 



The Unanimous Endorsement of His Party 



101 




SOME PROMINENT FEATURES OF THE CHICAGO CONVENTION 
By Cartoonist Briggs. of the American (New York) 




Frank S Black : " I come not to bury Ca'sar, but 
to praise him." 

(Gov. Black, who had 1 n refused a second-term nomi- 
nation for Governor in 1898, when Roosevelt took bis 
place, made the nominating speech at Chicago in 1904.) 

From the World (New York) 



THE CHORUS OF ROOSEVELT HARMONY AT 
CHICAGO 

From the Post (Cincinnati) 



102 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



-=*v 




Roosevelt's Lam Instructions to the Republican Elephant: 

From the World (New York) 

iniuee, it was quite impossible to rally 
around any other man's standard the va- 
rious leaders and groups who did not like 
Ri ii isevelt. 

Mr. Root, Mr. Beveridge, ex-Governor 
Black, of New York, and others, made 
eloquent Roosevelt speeches in the con- 
vention, and there was incomparably 
more enthusiasm over Roosevelt's nomi- 
nation in 1904 than there had been at 
Philadelphia over Mr. McKinley's re- 
nomination, or the placing of Roosevelt 
on the ticket as candidate for Vice-Presi- 
dent. For years Roosevelt's friends had 
hoped to nominate him for the Presi- 
dency in the year 1904, and now they had 
actually accomplished their purpose. 



" Whoop Yr up ! 




CONVENTION HAS ARRIV] 

From the Ilcrahl (New York) 



CHAPTER XVIII 

The Roosevelt-Parker Campaign 




Stereograph cop\ r:^lit. 1904, by Underwood A Underwood New York 

THE NOTIFICATION OF PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AT OYSTER PAY IN 1UU4. 
CANNON STANDS ON THE PRESIDENT'S RIGHT.) 



(SPEAKER 



THERE was no well-defined issue in the campaign of 1004, as in the two previous 
ones. In 1896 the question of sound money was threshed out and permanently 
settled. In 1900 the people ratified the expansion policy, and the momentous na- 
tional and international developments that followed our war with Spain. In 1904 the real 
question was whether the people were well enough pleased with the man who had suc- 
ceeded McKinley by a fateful accident to give him another four years' lease of power. 

Wall Street interests were bitterly opposed to Mr. Roosevelt, because his investiga- 
tion and prosecution of various trusts and corporations, and his attacks upon railroad re- 
bates and like abuses had for the time being not only checked the prosperous schemes 
of many promoters, but had also confused and disturbed legitimate business, — the whole 
fabric of corporation finance and control being so closely interwoven. Thus Wall Street, 
largely under Democratic leadership, had undertaken a more positive part in politics than 
ever before. If only the Republicans could be prevented from nominating a man as bold 



104 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




A VERY STOUT "STRING" TO IT 



(Apropos of the struggle over t lie Cuban reciprocity 
treaty.) 

From the Record (Philadelphia) 






', '//;/,''' ■ A^fcwa^Q 



ON COMMON GROUND 

(President Roosevelt congratulates ex-President Cleveland 

on the birth of a boy.) 

From the O/iio State Journal (Columbus) 




"Bkummel" Roosevelt: "Ah! who is your fat friend'.'" 

(Mr. Cleveland had made a speech at the Louisiana Purchase celebration at St. Louis, iu 1903, and 
it was thought at the time that he might possibly become a candidate for the Democratic nomination for 
President and run against Roosevelt, who also attended the celebration.) 

From the Herald (New York) 



The Roosevelt-Parker Campaign 



105 




/mi^Imm" 




m 



■sjoa 
I ML. 



Mr. Roosevelt : "This is so sudden.' 
From the Tribune (Chicago) 






IMPB 



MaV&M ■ 



■■>u~- -o 



PrwtfiJJOpS^- 



NOT A CI.OTTD IN SIGHT 

i Except that made by the factory chimneys.) 

From the Inquirer (Philadelphia) 

and aloof as Roosevelt, and the Democrats 
could be persuaded to nominate a repre- 
sentative of their conservative wing rather 
than a radical like Bryan, ^Yall Street would 
have nothing to fear from the result of the 
election. So the " magnates " reasoned. 




Uncle Sam: "Never swap pilots while crossing a stream." — From the Xorth American (Philadelphia) 



106 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



Thus in 1903 and early in 1904 Wall 
Street had done its best to aid in the move- 
ment to secure the nomination of Senator 
Hanna in place of Mr. Roosevelt ; and as 
early as 1903 certain eminent legal advisers 
of Wall Street had selected Judge Alton B. 
Parker (then chief justice of the highest 
court of the State of New York) as an ex- 
cellent representative of the so-called " safe 
and sane " type of Democratic candidates. 
All this was in no way to Judge Parker's 
discredit; for he was an upright judge and 
a public man of sound views and a well- 
poised mind. Mr. Bryan had been twice 
defeated; and Judge Parker, though of a 
different school of political thought and 
training, had maintained his party regu- 
larity at all times, just as Roosevelt on his 




G. O. P.: "There's my man; whore's yours?" 
Demockact : "Oh, I'm waiting for an inspiration.' 
From the Globe (New York) 




SPIKED 

(Judge Parker spiking tln< Republican campaign gun by 

his gold issue telegram to the St. Louis convention.) 

From the World (New York) 

side had been a Republican under all con- 
ditions. 

judge Parker was not widely known to 
the country, and his candidacy could not be 
otherwise than the merely negative one of 
opposition to Roosevelt. It was not pos- 
sible for the Democrats to frame any suc- 
cessful issues. They could not ask boldly 
for tariff reform, because the South had be- 
come protectionist. They talked of scan- 
dal in administration, but the country 
knew that Roosevelt had cleaned out the 
Post Office frauds with as much vigor as 
anv Democratic President could have 




STRENUOUS VICE-PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE DAVIS AND WHAT A FRIEND CALLS 

"A FEW OF HIS STUNTS." 
From the American (New York) 



The Roosevelt-Parker Campaign 



107 



shown. They could not denounce Roose- 
velt as a foe of trusts and corporations, be- 
cause the major part of the Democratic 
party had always professed to be far more 
deeply opposed to monopoly and corporate 
aggrandizement than the Republicans. 

In short, the logic of the situation was 
with Roosevelt. The people of the country, 
regardless of party, liked both the man and 
his policies. As the campaign progressed 
the Democratic managers denounced the 
Republicans as collecting large campaign 
funds from the very trusts and corporations 
that Mr. Roosevelt was supposed to be 
fighting. Moreover, Wall Street quickly 
losl confidence in itself as a political War- 
wick, and was inclined to disavow Judge 
Parker's candidacy as of its choosing. 
I ii iubtless various corporation interests con- 
tributed to both campaign funds; and it is 
unquestionably true that the greater part of 
the responsible business men of the country 
thought it better to keep Roosevelt and the 
Republicans in power than to bring in the 
Democrats on a dubious platform, with no 
knowledge of the make-up of a prospective 
Democratic cabinet. 

Associated with Mr. Roosevelt was Sec- 
retary Hay, in charge of our foreign affairs; 
Mr. Root (who had just been succeeded by 
Mr. Taft), in, charge of the War Depart- 




" WHAT IS ONE MAN'S MEAT IS ANOTHER 

MAN'S I'oISoN " 
(The cartoonist wishes to convey the idea thai 
Roosevelt wants to talk and that Parker is rjuitc 
happy to be silent. t 

From the News I Baltimore) 




PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AS A PHRENOLOGIST 
" It is difficult tn find out from our opponents 
what are the real issues upon which they propose to 
wage this campaign." — Roosevelfs letter of accept- 
ance. — From the Neics (Nashville) 




INDORSED P,Y THE MAINE FARMERS 
(Referring to the large Republican majority in 
the Maine election of 1904, which came before the 
general elections of November.) 

From the Evening Telegraph (Philadelphia) 



108 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



merit and our island depen- 
dencies ; Mr. Knox, brilliant- 
ly heading the judiciary de- 
partment ; and that remark- 
able campaigner, the Hon. 
Leslie M. Shaw, who had 
succeeded Mr. Gage as Sec- 
retary of the Treasury. 

The President's Secretary, 
Mr. Cortelyou, had been sec- 
retary to President Cleve- 
land, then to President Mc- 
Kmley ; and three successive 
Presidents testified to his 
ability and faithfulness. He 
had political tact, adminis- 
trative skill, and absolute 
honesty. He it was whom 
Mr. Roosevelt selected to 
conduct the campaign, and 
to serve as chairman of the 
National Republican Com- 
mittee. One of the notable 
achievements of Mr. Roose- 
velt's first administration 
had been the creation of the 
new Department of Com- 
merce and Labor, and Mr. 
Cortelyou had been pro- 
moted to the cabinet as Sec- 



-n. 

t h«T» was a youngmaji ^tp n\*j 

J wll »<t here ond.lm.W , 
for 1 knew aA 1h< while, 
1 could Tnake it K wilh IU cow 


Now / 
r «w, 1 




HOW TO MILK THE BEEF TRUST 

i The Democrats regarded the Garfield report on the Beef Trust 
as very inoffensive, and found political reasons.) 

From the World (New York) 




The issue. — From the World (New York) 



Two views 



-From the Eagle (Brooklyn) 



TWO DEMOCRATIC CARTOONS ON THE "MILITARY" ROOSEVELT 



The Roosevelt-Parker Campaign 



109 




THE TWO ROOSEVELT* 
(The Roosevelt as real history will picture him — and — the Roosevelt as the demagogues now paint him.) 

From Judge 

retary of this new department. Mr. Roosevelt had advanced his assistant secretary, Mr. 
William Loeb, Jr.. to succeed Mr. Cortelyou as Secretary to the President. 

Of the bureaus grouped together under the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, the 




THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL HAS A MOW JOB 

Knox : " Mr. Itoosevelt, you'll have to get some- 
body else to tend to this pig, because Mr. Penn wants 
me to go to work for him." 

From the Journal (Kansas City) 



The President (to Mr. Paul Morton, the new 
Secretary of the Navy) : "You have clone so well 
with the cars, now let's sec what you ''an do with 
the ships." 

From the Leader (Cleveland) 



110 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




POPULIST CANDIDATE WATSON CHALLENGING THE OTHER PRESI 

DENTIAL CANDIDATES TO TALK 

From t lif* Post (Washington) 




most important was a, new 
one called the Bureau of 
Corporations. Mr. Roose- 
velt placed at the head of 
this bureau the Hon. James 
R. Garfield, transferring him 
from the post of Civil Serv- 
ice Commissioner. These 
are the names of a very few 
of the strong and able men 
with whom Mr. Roosevelt 
was surrounded. Air. Hitch- 
cock, of St. Louis, Secretary 
of the Interior, was exposing 
and prosecuting land frauds 
in the West, while the new 
Bureau of Corporations was 
investigating the Beef 
Trust, the Standard Oil 
Trust, and other corpora- 
tions accused of violating 
the Sherman anti-trust law. 
Under the circumstances, 
Mr. Roosevelt's overwhelm- 
ing triumph at the polls was 
to have been expected. All 
sections of the country seemed to be con- 
tented with the outcome, and judge Parker, 



CONGRATULATIONS IN ORDER 

Roosevelt: " De-e-lighted to hear that you have 
a cinch." 

Packer : " Allow me to congratulate you. I un- 
derstand there is no longer any doubt but that you 
will be elected to the high office to which you aspire." 
From the Journal (Minneapolis) 




THE CALLING OF THE SECOND HAGUE PEACE 

CONFERENCE 

Iin. .Ki'.vv.i.T : " Twill help to make the pot boil." 

From the Eagle (Brooklyn, New York) 



The Roosevelt-Parker Campaign 



111 




(Parker 



AS 

sits 



THE CAMPAIGN 

dejected at the 
pedestal 



WAS I'.NI 
foot of 



the Roosevelt 



Cesar Platt (to Brutus Odell) : " Et tu. Brute?' 
Tli i ^ was the mosl unklndest eu1 of all: 
Fur when the noble Csesar s:nv him stab. 
Ingratitude, more strong than traitors' arms, 
Quite vanquisb'd him: then burst his mighty heart ; 
And. in his mantle muffling up his face, 
liven at the base of Pompey's statue. 
Which all the while ran blood, great Caesar fell." 
From the ~\Yorhl (N'ew York) 




HE'D SINK EITHER OF THEM 

(Neither party, this year, wishes to run the risk of associating itself with the trusts.) 

From the North American (Philadelphia) 



112 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE GREAT TRU'MTH OP 1904 
From the Evening Star (Washington.) 



though badly defeated, was regarded as 
having lost no important States which 
Roosevelt might not have carried against 
any possible Democratic nominee. 

Mr. Roosevelt felt that his victory was 
not of a strictly partisan nature, and that 
the country was entitled to know in just 
what spirit he accepted it. On the night of 
his election, therefore, he issued a statement 
declaring that under no circumstances 
would he be a candidate or accept a nomi- 
nation in 1908. 

There was already much political talk to 
the effect that Mr. Roosevelt had merely 
been serving out Mr. McKinley's term, and 
that his acceptance of. another nomination 
in 1 90S would not be in violation of the tra- 
dition that limits an American President to 
two consecutive terms. His friends and his 




AFTER THE AVALAXCHE OF NOVEMBER S (19041.— From the Post (Washington); 



The Roosevelt-Parker Campaign 



113 




ROPING THE PRESIDENTIAL STEER 
From Caras ij Corelas (Buenos Aires) 



•• HERE WE ARE AGAIN ! " 

(Apropos of Mr. Roosevelt's triumphant election and 

subsequent visit to the world's fair at St. Louis ) 

From the World (New York) 



opponents alike had been thus looking forward to the next contest. Mr. Roosevelt won 
the approval and renewed confidence of the country in the decisive announcement he made. 
It was believed that with no ambition to secure another nomination, he could give the 
more devoted and patriotic attention to the service of the whole people in his high office. 




ROOSEVELT'S VICTORY 

i A cartoon of the day after election) 

Uncle Sam : " Now we can get up steam again.' 

From the North American (Philadelphia) 




AFTER THE RATTLE 

Uncle Sam : " I'm glad the election Is over 
sweep out and get to work." 

From the Times (Washington) 



I'll 



114 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




ALWAYS INCISIVE, DECISIVE, AND PRECISE! 

(Referring to Roosevelt's election night statement of 1901 renouncing a third term.) 

From Judge 



There was nothing more remarkable than the contented acquiescence of the Demo- 
cratic press in the result. The people of the South showed their approval in many ways 
that could not be mistaken, and flooded Mr. Roosevelt with invitations to visit their re- 
spective States and cities. It had been the good fortune of Mr. McKinley, in a period of 
declining partisanship, to be regarded as the President of the whole country without re- 
gard to section or party; and this general good-will was transferred to Roosevelt even a^ 
the mantle of Elijah had in ancient time fallen upon the shoulders of his successor. 




*.• pi right by I nderu ood \ I 

TAKING THE OATH OF OFFICE AT WASHINGTON ON .MARCH 4, 1905 



CHAPTER XIX 



As Peace-Maker and World Figure 



IT was in the summer of IQ04, — his renomination secured and his election certain. — 
that Mr. Roosevelt began clearly to emerge in the mature sense as one of the great 

world figures of his day. The completion of the second McKinley (Roosevelt) term 
had secured the full establishment of the policy of expansion. Our navy had become 
strong and efficient under Mr. Roosevelt's guidance. The army had been thoroughly re- 
organized through Mr. Runt's constructive statesmanship and his ability to win the ap- 
proval of Congress for his policies. We were gaining renown through extirpation of 
yellow fever in Cuba and our success in sanitary measures at Panama. 

The international prestige of the United States was enormously increased, and in the 
eves of the world President Roosevelt was the man who typified the Twentieth Century 
America. He had, of course, followed in McKinley's footsteps in so far as he saw the 
path of duty leading in that direction. But it had been easy to work with Mr. McKin- 
ley's appointees, and Mr. Roosevelt had found no difficulty in holding to his pledge of 
September, 1901, that he would do his best to carry out Mr. McKinley's plans. 

Now, however, the country had deliberately chosen him for its helmsman, and there 
could be no doubt of its mandate to go forward according to his own judgment. It was 
not necessarv to wait for inauguration dav in March. The new mandate took effect on 



116 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 

























i ? 


.,*sfr-'. - 




v .j. 


■»' \ 




From ruck. Copyright, 1905. By permissi 



AVE THEODORE! 



election day in November, and his message to Congress in December came with a strength 
and force that had perhaps been equalled in none of his previous state papers. It was 
then that he laid down that guiding principle of the " square deal," — the determination to 
secure justice to all men to the best of his ability, to capitalist as well as to workman ; to 
humble immigrant or Asiatic coolie as well as to the descendants of the Pilgrims or the 
Patroons. And recognizing the commanding prestige that the United States had secured 
abroad as a result of its new policies and recent growth, the Roosevelt administration 

gladly accepted the responsibilities and the 
opportunities that go with prestige and 
power. 




From Puck. Copyright. 1905. By permission. 

ALL HIS OWN 

(Mr. Roosevelt, after completing President Mc- 
Kinley's second term, entered upon his own elective 
term of four years.) 




CONGRESS OPENS 

(The President hastening to the Capitol with, 

voluminous proposals for new legislation.) 

From the Evening Herald (Duluth) 



As Peace-Maker and World Figure 



117 




THE NOBLEST ROMAN OF THEM ALL.— From Judgi (New York i 



The influence of the United States was 
henceforth to be exerted on behalf of inter- 
national peace and good will. Our govern- 
ment promptly took the lead in proposing; 
to the powers i if Europe the holding of a 
second peace conference at The Hague, 
with a view to completing several steps that 
had been left for a future gathering by the 
original conference of 1899. The proposal 
met with general European favor, and Mr. 
• velt was everywhere accorded the 
credit for initiating the gathering, — al- 
though our government very gracefully con- 
sented that Russia should issue the formal 
invitations, as for the original conference. 

The breaking out of the fierce and regret- 
table war in Manchuria between Russia and 
Japan led to the postponement of the peace 
gathering until after that conflict had been 




WHICH WAY?— From the Record-Herald (Chicago) 
1 He Iihe Senate 1 will make no mistake if he follows the 

footprints, i 



118 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 





brought to an end, with 
its sharp, fresh lessons of 
the horrors of war and 
the need of preventing it 
by constant endeavor to 
substitute diplomacy, ar- 
bitration, or a permanent 
high court of justice 
among the nations. The 
proposal of a peace con- 
ference by so militant a 
personage as Mr. Roose- 
velt gave some of the car- 
toonists of this country, 
as well as of Europe, the 
opportunity for satire that 
was invoked rather in 
humor than in malice. 

Mr. Roosevelt was 
everywhere mentioned as 
the man who was " bound 
to have peace even if he 

Uncle Sam, advancing with Roosevelt and Hay toward the Temple ' lac ' to hght for It. 1 he 

of Universal Peace, indorses Mn. Hat's sentiments, and adds : "And we'll idea of the " Rou°il 
coDtinue right along the same path, boys! " ,, & 

From the Ohio Slate Journal (Columbus) Rider seeking to Compel 

the angel of peace to exercise her gentle 
ministrations, made the world smile cheer- 
fully and helped the good cause not a little. 
The fact is that until the peace of the 
world is firmly established by universal 
treaties, and ample provision for interna- 
tional courts and international police, cer- 
tain nations must take it upon themselves 



BUT THE DOMINANT 
M8TI OF IT$f*WM'«) 

HKBEST euinme.iT! 

HMT PERSISTENT 
SPIRIT, N«$ BEEN TW 
RllH7et>usness wmen 
EXAITE7M A MATIJN. 
THAT WfriENCITSTKI 
INNER MSHT WMItH 
J|lEAP8 At.»M T«£ 
I PATHS or PEACE " 

SECHCTAHY HAY 




LORD OF THE NEW WORLD 
Roosevelt : " Take that statue of Frederick the 
Great away, until a statue of Monroe has been set up 
in Berlin." 

(Referring to a statue presented to the United 

States by Emperor William.) 

From Der Floh (Vienna) 



S;V,;v - : 





' > && 




DOUBTING THE ROUGH RIDER'S PEACEFUL 
PROPOSAL 
The Goddess of Peace : " Fly away, my doves. 
Roosevelt would snare you." 

From Fischiettq (Turin) 



As Peace-Maker and World Figure 



119 




l 





w 



PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S PROPOSAL TO 
HOLD A SECOND PEACE CONFERENCE AT 
THE HAGUE, AS IT SEEMS TO A GERMAN 
SATIRIST, Will) IS THINKING OF ALL 
THAI' HAS HAPPENED SINCE THE CZAR 
CALLED THE FIRST CONFERENCE. 

President: "Gentlemen. I thank you for 
coming : ii is the best witness to the enthusi- 
nsm with whirl] you have hitherto regarded tin' 
Czar's idea of a universal peace." 
From '■"■ " 



for the Pacific Ocean 
and the Farther East, 
we had also a duty to 
perform in that region. 
It was our business to 
maintain friendly rela- 
tions with Japan and to 
help support the integ- 
rity of China. With 
Alaska, the Sandwich 
Islands, and the Philip- 
pines in our possession, 
besides our great States 
i 'i the Pacific seaboard, 
and with the Panama 
Canal in process of con- 
struction, it was evident 
that i Mir interests in the 
I 'acific had b e c o m e 
larger than those of any 
i 'ilier single power. 

Mr. Roosevelt's atti- 
tn.l,- was nut belligerent, 



to use their own influence and 
power to help keep the world 
in order. Mr. Roosevelt saw 
this duty clearly, and had no 
shrinking from its perform- 
ance. He did not in the least 
object to being pictured as the 
" World's Constable." He be- 
lieved that it was quite clearly 
the business of the United 
States to maintain peace and 
order throughout the whole of 
North America and the re- 
gions around the Caribbean 
Sea, including the West In- 
dies, Central America, and the 
countries on the northern' coast 
of South America. 

He regarded it as our duty, 
furthermore, through friendli- 
ness and good will, to serve 
the cause of peace for the re- 
mainder of South America. As 



120 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE WORLD'S CONSTABLE 
Judge, January 7, 1905 



'^-vard all the powers of America, 
i.ncl of conscious recognition of 
i monarch and empire like those 
us in the good-will of the peo- 
e were more free from differ- 




F Graftep.s at the Window : " I won- 
s going to say about us? " 
Prom the Tribune (Chicago) 



As Peace-Maker and World Figure 



121 




ROOSEVELT AS THE RISING SUN OF YANKEE 

IMPERIALISM 

(A Spanish view. I 

From Hojas Selectas (Barcelona) 

possessed any rare or peculiar wisdom in his 
dealing with such subject--. 

He had no desire to destroy the forces of 
modern business. He had none of the an- 
tagonism toward corporations that Mr. 
Bryan had always shown. But he perceived 



Uncle Sam (to President Roosevelt) : "Before you 
ran bring about world peace, you must establish 
peace in your own laml by killing the trust monster.'* 
From the Amstcrdammer (Amsterdam) 





i'O DOVES OF PEACE 
World-Herald ( Omaha I 



HE REJOICES OVER HIS LI.. I). FROM 
PENNSYLVANIA 

Dlt. IIOHENZOI.T.F.KN TO DR. ROOSEVELT: "While 

we are in these togs, why not review mv ships at 
Kiel? " 

From the Amsti rdummrr i Amsterdam i 



122 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE CHICAGO PIG STY 
(.Even the hogs blushed with shame when Presi- 
Oent Roosevelt revealed to them the hideous fate 
awaiting them at American stockyards.) 
From Simplicisiivius (Munich I 



£h, 


J-" '31 




flK * i, .vjj 


'ii^> y -~* 4rm 




r "^ tJBI 


■t stf ifc^.'j^ft 




■ /f : ^ j*y 


^?Ls& /I 




jdT ^^S^T 


jimp Mm 


JP&& 


V 5 ©^ 1 


*g 



KINDRED SPIRITS OF THE STRENUOUS LIFE 

(The German Kaiser and President Roosevelt.) 

From Punch (London) 

that if some great capitalistic enterprises 
were beneficent in their methods and re- 
sults, others were guilty of oppression, and 
were prospering through disregard both of 
the laws of the land and of the natural rights 
of a host of citizens. Mr. Roosevelt tried, 
therefore, to find some workable applica- 
tions of justice, with government and law 
supreme. 




CONFISCATED BY THE BERLIN TOLICE (See text on p. 12S) 
From Punch (London) 



As Peace-Maker and World Figure 



123 



f ! • ; ^ ,; * : X 




At the present time, they think Roosevelt was really 
in earnest. 

Till' ILLEGAL TRUST IS BEGINNING To WAKE 

UP TO AN UNPLEASANT FACT 

From the Tribune i ' Ihicago 

About some questions he was an oppor- 
tunist. For example, he would person- 




am'. ROOSEVELT POLICY— PRESIDENT OF THE 

WHOLE COUNTRY 

From the Englc (Brooklyn i 



3t?fcffi. 



A STRENUOUS PERFORMANCE 

riiOFESson Roosevf.lt (in his great trust aci i 
•• Ladies and gentlemen : In order to demonstrate the 
possibility of controlling these powerful creatures, 
not all of them equally tractable, I will now descend 
into their midst." (Proceeds to get out of his depth. > 
From Punch i London I 



ally have been glad to see a revision of 
the tariff undertaken somewhat early 
during his second administration. He 
did what he could to bring the question 
before Congress and the country. But 
he found that Congress was not ready for 
tariff revision, and that there ■ was no 
compelling sentiment in favor of it any- 
where in the country. His convictions 
tin the tariff question were not of a sort 
that made him regard it as his duty to 
go forth upon a crusade against the Ding- 
ley tariff. As a party question and a^ a 
sectional question, the tariff was no 
longer in the thick of bitter controversy. 
It had become a business man's question 
and one of industrial evolution. 



124 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




UNCLE JOE IN NO HURRY 

(Tariff revision not greatly disturbing the Speaker 

of the House.) 

From the Evening Hail (New York) 



PULL, THEODORE! PULL! 

(President Roosevelt and Chairman Cannon in thr> 

tariff revision tug of war. i 

From the Record-Herald (Chicago) 



Roosevelt, in the summer of 1905, to bring 
about a conclusion of the war between Rus- 
It was not only the prestige and the s | a anc i j apan and a settlement of the is- 
povver of the United States in world mat- 
ters, but it was also the confidence felt in 
President Roosevelt himself, and in the 
fairness and good will of our government 
and people, that made it possible for Mr. 







OH, YES, THEY'RE PULLING TOGETHER ALL 
RIGHT 

Erom the Journal (Minneapolis) 






THE PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY HITCH- 
COCK ARE AFTER BIG GAME IN THE PUBLIC 
LANDS OF THE NORTHWEST 

From the Post (Washington) • 







As Peace-Maker and World Figure 



125 









Ofc*^" 4. 




IN DOUBT 
President Roosevelt: " I dou't feel quite certain 
that I can separate those fellows with this branch." 
From the Borsssem Jankd (Budapest) 

sues involved by the adoption of a treaty 
of peace. 

This was perhaps the crowning act of 
Mr. Roosevelt's career. Russia's misfor- 




THE "BIG STICK" IN A NEW BOLE 
Uncle Sam (looking at the olive branches wreath- 
ing the Roosevelt club i : "Well, I guess a little 
strenuosity is worth while in peace as well as in 
war." 

From the Press (Philadelphia) 







CONGRATULATIONS 
From the North American (Philadelphia) 

tunes in the war made it highly desirable 
for her that hostilities should end. Japan's 
financial resources were becoming strained, 
and it was better for her future power and 
prestige to end the war promptly than to 
continue it. Both, countries were on terms 
of especial friendship with the United 




THE END OF THE PEACE CONFERENCE 
From Klods-IZaus (Copenhagen) 



126 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



THE PEACE- 
MAKER 

(••Now, be 
good, boys, and 
t h r o w your- 
selves at the 
Eeet of this 
divinity.'") 

From Hojas 
Selcctas 

(Barcelona ) 




States. And thus Mr. Roose- 
velt was able to bring them 
into negotiation for settle- 
ment, and through his influ- 
ence and earnest intercession 
and efforts, the Treaty of 
Portsmouth was drafted and 
signed, and one of the great 
wars of history brought to an 
end. 

This achievement was in- 
deed appreciated in the United 
States as constituting a bright 
page in the country's history. 
But it was even more widely 
recognized in Europe and 

AT THE PEACE AGENCY 
WlTBOi : " Would yon be good enough 
to bring about peace between myself 
and Trotha? I would likewise agree to 
pay no war indemnifications whatever." 
[The above refers to the uprising of 
tile Rauzelswarts under their chief. 
Witboi, in German East Africa. This 
uprising was finally suppressed by von 
Trotha, then in charge of the military 
affairs of the colony. The sign reads: 
■ Great International Peace Agency. 
Orders carefully and promptly execut- 
ed. Medals, diplomas and testimonials 
from several Crowned Heads of Eu- 
rope." 

From Ulk iDerlin i 



As Peace-Maker and World Figure 



127 



■ i 

THE TABLETS OF AZIT-TIGLETH-MTPHANSI, THE SCRIBE. 




In tlic lines numbered from 1 to 47, inclusive, accompanying the above " Tablet " of " Azit-Tigleth-JIiphansi, 
the Scribe," published in London Punch, is recorded the situation of the belligerent forces of Russia and 
Japan just previous to the making of peace. "The Bit-Jappis, the heroes of Nippon," had played Jiu-jitsu with 
the Russian armies — "with their miriadz-ov-kossaks in moth-iten-kaf tans," and had them " :» 1 1 stymied and bun- 
kahd, checkmated and flummoxed." The Russian commander, meanwhile, " inspired by a passion for fighting 
. . . on paper, sits and twirls his mustashiz (mendaciously martial), writes fin-eating dispatches describing 
the pitiful state of Kuroki ! Tells his poor little master, who crouchesAn-ermin, that all is now ready — one word 
will let loose his victorious legends"; and that he "proposes to take for his breakfast next morning Oyama-on- 
toast. with Oku. and Nogi and Nodzu for luncheon, . . . that he can't quite decide which quarter of Tokio 
he'll live in." The chronicle goes on as follows: 



48. Then did Teddy the Toothful, the hud of 

40. the Yankiz, the king of the Cowboys, 

50. the ruler of Hennessy, Dooley and 

51. others, — a wonderful blend, Hohenzollern — 
.".'J. cum-Cody, — who dwells in the White House. 

53. exchange his rough-riding, vaquerolaik 

54. garments for a more or less accurate 

55. classical costume with property w-jhgs 

56. safety-pinned to his shoulders, — a sweeter 

57. presentment of Peace one can hardly 

58. imagine, . . . adjusting 

59. his pinzneh, his face wreathing in smiles that 
GO. would easily reach from New York to Vancouver 

61. his prominent teeth fairly gleaming with hai-laitz, 

62. with the olive-branch sweetly extended 

63. in nice little portly and spatulate fingers 



64. and pointing his toes in a dancing position 

65. he advanced to the parties concerned and. — 

66. well, really, they couldn't resist him. 

67. To the hay of the oyster did they come. . . . 
(IS. The Bit-Jappis Komurn did send 

69. sedHt, maikroskopik, frock-coated and silent 

70. and like as the shell of the oyster were his lips 

71. closed and the pushing reporter could get no ad- 

mittance 

72. and wore out his boots and his language together 

73. as he tramped the piyazza. 

74. But Nikkithetsar sent the doughty Dewitte 

75. (they expected some muskovaithail and they 

76. got it); with a makhia-vclyan keutniss selected 

77. an honest diplomatist (no doubt of malice 

78. aforethought I E. t. e. 



128 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT. THE I'EACE SHOWMAN 
" Here, ladies and gentlemen, is the newest attraction. This 
bear, a ravenous beast of prey subdued by Togo and Oyama, is 
now so taino that he subscribes to anything that is dictated to 
him," 



Asia, where the magnitude of 
the war and the profound conse- 
quences of an unforeseen kind 
that follow in the wake of so 
colossal a struggle were more 
vividly felt and better under- 
stood. 

Thus, Mr. Roosevelt's interna- 
tional reputation as a peace- 
maker suddenly flamed up and 
filled the eyes of an astonished 
world. Congratulations came 
from all lands. The Emperor 
William of Germany is reported 
to have cabled : " The whole of 
mankind must unite in thanking 
you for the great boon you have 
given it." The cartoonists be- 
gan with increasing frequency 
to picture Roosevelt and the 
German Kaiser together as "kin- 
dred spirits of the strenuous 
life " ; and a cartoon in the Lon- 
don Punch to that effect was con- 
fiscated by the Berlin police as 
lacking in the reverence due to 
two men so noble and majestic, 
whereupon the irreverent car- 




THE LATEST ECLIPSE 
From the World (New York) 



THE MAN OP THE HOUR 

(The Cuban people congratulate President Roosevelt on 
his success as a peacemaker.) 

From La Dittcvsion (Havana) 



As Peace-Maker and World Figure 



129 




He writes on the race question He lands on the Standard Oil Co. He attends a banquet in New York 








: ; y .mi? 




m « m A, 



iinyffi 



i<AWMbl 




lie superintends the preparations He passes a hot message to ih 

for inauguration day Senate 



Hi - ' pauses a momenl i o ma ki 
plans for a hunting trip 

ONE OF MR. ROOSEVELT'S QUIET DATS 

From a cartoon b.v Mrfutcheon, of the Chicago Daily Tribune 



130 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




Copyright, 1905, by the J. Horace McFarland Company. 

THE PRESIDENT ON HIS TORCH AT OYSTER BAY 
From a photograph taken in 1905 

toonlst, Mr. E. T. Reed, drew a caricature of his original cartoon. Both pictures are re- 
produced on page 122; and another amusing drawing by the same artist, which we have 
reproduced on page 127, records the deeds of the peace-making Theodore under the guise 
of an old Assyrian tablet and chronicle. 

And thus the press of all Europe made much of the Treaty of Portsmouth ; while 
the Norwegian parliament, at the first opportunity, awarded to Mr. Roosevelt the Xobel 
Prize as the man who had done the most within the year to promote the world's peace. . 



CHAPTER XX 



The "Big Stick " at Home and Abroad 



SOME casual remark of Mr. Roose- 
velt's, quoting the old proverb that 
it is well to speak softly 1 mt carry 
a big stick, had caught the visualizing 
imagination of the cartoonists; and on 
many occasions they have found it con 
venient to depict him as armed with a 
heavy club. He was not, however, mak- 
ing belligerent use of that or of other of- 
fensive implements in the year that fol- 
lowed his inauguration. There were many 
other matters of international concern in 
the spring and summer of 1905 besides 
the Russo-Japanese war and its termina- 
tion. There was a Pan-American Con- 




the President: '"Say! What's if 
-From the //< raid (Boston i 



iin: Senate t< 
about? " 

(Referring t<> Mr. Roosevelt's efforts t.i straighten 
nut ih«' finances of San Domingo i 










THE BIG STICK IX THE CARIBBEAN SEA 
From ih'' Herald 1 New York i 



132 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




President Roosevelt (on his way to Texas") : " Oh, things will 1»> all right in Washington. I have left Taft 
sitting on the lid keeping down the Santo Domingo matter." — From the Plain Dealer (Cleveland) 




THE ARRIVAL OF ROOSEVELT 

I How the Texas bears had warning that somebody was 

coming, i 

From the Herald I Rochester i 



" THE CALL OF THE WILD " 

(The wild animals which Mr. Roosevelt encoun- 
ters on his hunting trip also prefer arbitral inn to 



war. ) 



From tin- Eagle (Brooklyn, New York) 



The "Big Stick" at Home and Abroad 



133 




THE PRESIDENT (JOES A-HUNTING — LEADING THE SIMPLE LIFE IN COLORADO 

From the North Amu-nan (Philadelphia) 




mMfm 






^ 

s 






J!PS 



mm 



•■THE WINNING OF THE WEST" 
(Apropos of the reception tendered i<> Presidenl 
Roosevelt by the leading Democratic club of Chi 

cago. i 

From tbi> World < New York i 



gress at Rio tie Janeiro, and we were bent 
upon using that occasion as a means of in- 
creasing our friendly relations with South 
America. Secretary Hay had passed away, 
and his place at the head of the Department 
of State had been filled by the Hon. Elihu 
Root. 

Mr. Root, after five years of eminent serv- 
ice under McKinley and Roosevelt as Secre- 
tary of ^Yar, had returned to the practice of 
law in New York, refusing t<> he a candidate 
for governor and a prospective candidate for 
the Presidency in 1908, and having no ambi- 
tions for further public office. But the call 
to he Secretary of State is one that it has 
been the tradition of eminent New York 
lawyers to accept. Even while Secretary 
of War, Mr. Root had been the leading 
member of the cabinet, and the President's 
chief adviser in foreign matters involving 
legal knowledge. He Brought to the post of 



134 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S FORTHCOMING FEAST,— A SOUTH 
AMERICAN VIEW OF THE LATEST APPLICATIONS OF THE 
MONROE DOCTRINE— From Success I Valparaiso. Chile) 



Secretary of State a pecu- 
liar personal fitness for its 
duties, and a compre- 
hensive knowledge of its 
problems. 

Mr. Root, more than 
any one else, had devised 
t h e arrangement which 
brings Cuba under our 
protection and control in 
certain emergencies. It 
now devolved upon him 
to find a way for the regu- 
lation of the broken-down 
finances of the little re- 
public of San Domingo. 
The European powers 
were bent upon a forcible 
collection of their debts, 
San Domingo having de- 
faulted upon its foreign 
bonds. Our government 
virtually guaranteed a 
new issue of San Do- 
mingo securities, and was 
permitted to take charge 
of the custom-houses in 
order to satisfy foreign 
creditors and promote the 
peace of the distracted 
island. Mr. Root, mean- 





I'eacemakek Roosevelt : "I've mended worse rips." 
From the Star-Journal ( Pueblo i 



MOKE TROUBLE 1 ol! THE INTERNATIONAL 
POLICEMAN 

Prom rhp Record (Philadelphia) 



The "Big Stick" at Home and Abroad 



135 





THE YANKEE PERIL, AS PICTURED BY OXK 
ARGENTINE JOURNAL 

From Caras y Caretag (Buenos Ayrest 



ROOSEVELT AND ROOT IN BRAZILIAN EYES 
(The M'iIIki. of Rio Janeiro, commenting on a 
minor incident growing out of local political ani- 
mosities in Argentine, reports the following alleged 
conversation between President Roosevelt and the 
Secretary of State : Roosevelt : " How is it, Brazil 
gave you flowers and her neighbor nation stones?" 
Root (calmly) : "Each one gives what lie has, Mr. 
President." i 

Mr. Root's visit to Smith America was the chief 
topic of the ca'rtoonists among our Latin neighbors 
to the south at the time. 



Sib 




From l''i'k. Copyright 1904. By permission. 

WHAT WOULD LINCOLN DOV 
(President Roosevelt, in dealing with matters of grave importance was often guided by the thought of 

what Lincoln would do under the circumstances.) 



136 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



A/" 







THE STORY OF KETTLE HILL 

(President Roosevelt entertaining the Japanese Peace 

Commissioners at Oyster Bay.) 

From the Herald (New York) 




WHAT IT MAY COME To 

(Peace Missionary Roosevelt in a new role.) 
From t'ne Journal (Minneapolis) 



while, proceeded upon a South American tour, visiting the Pan-American conference at 
Rio and receiving tributes at the leading capitals of other South American republics. 

He had visited Canada with fruitful results for the settlement of all outstanding ques- 
tions between the United States and the Dominion. His visit to South America was of 
so tactful and sympathetic a character, and so appreciative of everything creditable in 
South American statesmanship and progress, that it removed not a little of the prejudice 
that had existed among the polite peoples of Latinic origin in the Southern republics 







J&tVvTuiC"' 



MARCHING THROUGH GEORGIA 

(Referring to President Roosevelt's trip through some 

Southern States in 19050 

Fr<iru the Tribune (Chicago) 




REJOICING OVER THE END OF THE HUNT 

The Bears : " We're glad he's gone." 

From the Tribune (Minneapolis) 



The "Big Stick" at Home and Abroad 



137 



THE FIGHT OF HIS LIFE 
(Roosevelt beginning his great tight for railroad 
regulation, t 
From the Eagle (Brooklyn, New York) 




against what they regarded as the brusque, the presidents determination to 

. , ,. . . HAVE RATE REGULATION CAUSES WORRY TO 

commercial Yankee nation. THE RAILEO ad magnates 

Mr. Taft, furthermore, had come home From the Leadei (Cleveland) 




CHRISTMAS AT THE WHITE HOUSE— From Judge (New York) 
(Ou his hobby, anti-railroad rebate laws.) 



138 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE PRESIDENT AND THE HOSPITABLE SOUTH 
(Some cartoons on this and the following page refer to one of Mr. Roosevelt's Southern trips.) 

From the Post (Washington) 




PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT BEING WELCOMED 

TO DIXIE LAND 

From the Post (Washington) 



PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT HOUSECLEANING 
AGAIN 

(Apropos of a scandal in connection with the leak 
of a government cotton report, t 
From the Constitution (Atlanta) 



The "Big Stick" at Home and Abroad 



139 




UNDER THE PALMETTO TREE 
The Solid South: "Well, sah, Cunnel Roosevelt, yon all suttinly luis powahful persuadiu' ways. I 
keeps fohgettin' you ah :i Republican, but I reckon you ah a Democrat on your mother's side." 

From the Tribune (Chicago) 

from the Philippines to take Mr. Root's former place as Secretary of War, and he had at once 
assumed a very influential place in the cabinet. With Mr. Root on his travels, and Presi- 
dent Roosevelt in the West on a brief hunting trip, Mr. Taft was in special charge of the 
unfinished business relating to San Domingo, Cuba, and our outlying responsibilities in 
general. It was a little later on that a situation of chaotic turmoil somehow arose among 
the little republics of Central America. Again the man with the " Big Stick " spoke softly, 
and peace was restored. It was largely by Mr. Root's efforts that a plan was devised for 
settling Central American difficulties through a representative tribunal that was expected 
to prevent future hostilities among half a dozen small sovereignties. The plan was good, 
even if it has not as yet produced the expected results. 

As the autumn advanced, the attention of the man who carried the big stick was 
centered upon the approaching session of Congress. It was his determination to secure 
the passage of a law that would put an end to the almost universal practice among the 



140 



\ Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



<*\Y MESSAGE, to Goneness. 
i erritorle.3 to be grouted statcnooo. 
Help our oriental trrde. 
Exclude ^desirable, innic««TioM. 

SuP£RV'5lON OF INSURANCE COMfflMiCS &V FCPEfiftl G0/f1T 
Q;'A$HiN& OF REBATE Eviu. 
IJniFORM RiCmTS TO (-fi0OR CLH&5ES. 

ADni*iSTpHTivE Reforh in G<KeflinEM*L etP'T*. 
RrilROHO RflTE REG-Ui-RTiONl. 
£coriOMT JN 60VE«r*rl£nT EXPENDITURES 

Dl p LOnflT.C awn CONSOLftR SERvicC «£ 
Em. URGING THE NftVT 

/^MPTiOM W BETTER TBRiff RCLATiQN? «nntIrHft.iMmcs 
LEGlSLRTlOf* TO EXPEO'TE Pflhflr-IR C«h«L CCn^TRVdlOU 

T 





L-Lfe ^^^ ffli^.-nBno 




Till: M.U'ARE DEAL 

„ ., ,, , „ „ , THEY HAVE TUKNED THEIR MUD BATTERIES 

From the Spokesman-Review (Spokanej * „__ „ ., 

AGAINST HIM 

I President Roosevelt's vigorous fight against 

railroads of granting rebates to the large wrongdoing of various kinds brought upon him all 

, . - . 1 . sorts of abuse and calumny from these sources * 

corporations, and other favored shippers. „ , , „ . ,„ , 

r rr From the Spokesman-Review tSpokanei 

The principle of national regulation of rail- 
roads had become firmly established, and it was considered that the one point above all 
others most necessary to be secured was the equal and impartial treatment of all whose 
business required them to use the means of interstate transportation. It was a hard 
fight, but the legislation was secured, its results were accepted by the railroads, and a 
great reform was put into effect that the railroads have since regarded as even more val- 




A NEW TASK FOR THE ROUGH RIDER 
i In the spring of 1906 a threatened coal strikn en- 
gaged the attention of the President.) 
From the Leader ( Cleveland t 



" CAUGHT IN THE ACT " 

i President Roosevelt turning the flashlight of the 

Garfield report on the Standard Oil monopoly.) 

From the Press I Philadelphia) 



The "Big Stick" at Home and Abroad 



141 




3 




THE PARTIES AND THE PRESIDENT'S KAIL 

ROAD POLICY 

From the Pout < W';ishiiiL r i"ii. I» C.J 




TRYING TO BLOCK Ills WAV 
From tin' Trihuin (Minneapolis 



uable to them than to those who had so 
strenuouslyfought against the rebate system. 

Along with the granting of freight rebates, there disappeared the granting of free 
passes to politicians and their henchmen, which had been an abuse of almost incred- 




L'.NCLE Sam i to the railroad trusts and obstrur 
tionists) : "Give the President a chance." 
From the Evening Mail i Ni'w York) 



UNCLE SAM IS ci\ 

Senate: "Hey, Uncle, '"i [uick. Loo! 

what tlie terrible Teddy has done now — Panama — 
silver coinage Santo Domingan treaty — awful 
wow ! I '. " 

Uncle Sam : " Sny. I'm nut half s ( , much interest- 
ed in what Teddy has done as in what you are not 
doing " 

From the Journal i Minnea | 



142 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




*'tK 







The Rough Rideu : "San Juan Hill is not in it 
with this brute." 

From Collier's Weekly 



THE THREE R'S 

(President Roosevelt will impress them upon the 

pupils of the Congress Sehool.) 

From the Journal (Minneapolis) 



ible dimensions, and which had played no small part in the corruption of legislatures and 
the obstruction of honest government. 

Mr. Roosevelt's messages to Congress for that period are elaborate discussions of 
the economic and social conditions of the country. Their value as presentments of fact, 
and as contemporary discussion of evils and remedies, will have great appreciation at 
the hands of the future historian. Thus in the message of December, 1906, statements 

are made regarding the working of the 



Mm 




" JIU-JITSUED " 
From the rout (Cincinnati 1 



recent Railway Rate bill ; and it is shown 
that this and other recent legislative steps 
toward the better regulation of inter- 
state commerce had already been justi- 
fied in experience. In view of conditions 
that led, in 1910, to the enactment of the 
new Railroad Rate bill, with its enlarge- 
ment of the powers of the Interstate 
Commerce Commission, it is worth while 
to quote a little from Mr. Roosevelt's 
message of 1906. Let us take, for ex- 
ample, the following paragraphs: 

It must not be supposed, however, that with 
the passage of these laws it will be possible to 
stop progress along the line of -increasing the 
power of the national government over the use 
of capital in interstate commerce. For example, 
there will ultimately be need of enlarging the 
powers of the Interstate Commerce Commission 
along several different lines, so as to give it a 
larger and more efficient control over the rail- 
roads. 



=f> The "Big Stick" at Home and Abroad 




143 



HIS FAVORITE AUTHOR.— From the Chronicle (Chicago) 




THE LEGISLATIVE SIDEWALK SNOWBOUND 
The President's Message: "Get busy!" — From the Journal (Minneapolis) 



144 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



It cannot too often be repeated that experience has 
conclusively shown the impossibility of securing by 
the actions of nearly half a hundred different State 
legislatures anything but ineffective chaos in the 
way of dealing with the great corporations which do 
not operate exclusively within the limits of any one 
State. In some method, whether by a national 
license law or in other fashion, we must exercise, 
and that at an early date, a far more complete con- 
trol than at present over these great corporations, — 
a control that will, among other things, prevent the 
evils of excessive overcapitalization, — and that will 
compel the disclosure by each big corporation of its 
stockholders and of its properties and business, 
whether owned directly or through subsidiary or 
affiliated corporations. 

These paragraphs set forth a program 
that Air. Roosevelt well understood could 
ii"i be carried out at once. It is precisely 
the program that President Taft took up in 
1909, and that was included in (1) the Rail- 
road Rate bill, which became a law in June, 
1910; (2) the work outlined by President 
Taft for a commission to report upon the 
best way to regulate the issue of railroad 
stocks and bonds, and (3) the bill of Attor- 
ney-General Wickersham, providing for the 
federal incorporation of railroads and large 
industrial companies. 

Many of the progressive ideas advocated 
l>\ Mr. Roosevelt in 1905, and the two fol- 





THE SPIRIT OF inoc 
1 With President Roosevelt. Speaker Cannon, and 
Senator Tillman marching in harmony, the national 
spirit of 177G is recalled.) 

From the Herald (New York* 



> 

THE LATEST RECRUIT 
From the Press (Philadelphia) 




"YOU'RE ANOTHER ! " 
From the Journal (Minneapolis) 



The "Big Stick" at Home and Abroad 



145 




"NEXT! " 
From thi' I'luiii Drnlcr (Cleveland) 



lowing rears, which brought upon him the enmity and violent criticism of the exponents 
of great corporate wealth, had already, by the time Congress adjourned in the summer 
of 1910. found acceptance as self-evident and commonplace doctrine in the platforms oi 



both wings of both great parties. 



',. IIIIMIWWM 
i . «••-«■ 




A NAUSEATING JOB. BIT IT MUST BE DONE 
(President Roosevelt takes hold of the investigating muck-rake himself in the packing-house scandal.) 

From the Saturday Globe (f'tica) 



CHAPTER XXI 

Some Activities of a Versatile President 




£C^LTKLiTl 



FOLLOW YOUR LEADER, THE NEW REPUBLICAN GAME 
From the Herald (Salt Lake) 




Is^r^. 




THE CANDIDATE 
From the Leader (Cleveland) 



" DEE-LIGHTED " 
From the Inquirer (Philadelphia) 



Some Activities of a Versatile President 



147 




Stereograph. Copyrighted 1906. by Underwood & Underwood V V 

J'KIOSIDENT ROOSEVELT AT PANAMA RESPONDING TO THE WELCOME OF PRESIDENT 

AMADOR 



! RESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S hold upon the confidence of the country was again put 
to the test in the Congressional elections of 1906. It was recognized that the 
President and his policies formed the issue, and a clever cartoonist at the time de- 
picted -\Ir. Roosevelt as the candidate in front of the polling booths of ever}- State. Tin- 
campaign was also notable as one in which the Republican party tried to obtain its fund- 
by small popular subscriptions rather than in large sums from business interests. 

Ever since the Civil War, the Republican party had made the protective tariff its 
shibboleth, and had relied upon the manufacturing interests to provide its election funds. 
This practise of collecting from wealthy business interests had been continued ; but it be- 
came embarrassing when the government was attempting to enforce the Sherman anti- 
trust law to break up illegal railroad practices and dissolve industrial combinations. 

The election having resulted in an emphatic endorsement of the administration, Mr. 
Roosevelt broke the traditions which had held our President strictly upon American soil 
by making a trip to Panama to inspect personally the sanitary and engineering work of 
our new Canal Zone, and to pay his respects to the young Republic of Panama, which he 
had been accused of creating. He came back prepared to refute the attacks that had been 
made upon our beginnings with the canal, and besides his regular message to Congress 
at its assembling in December, he prepared a special message on conditions at Panama. 



148 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




^^',-rv^A>^V^ . 



INSPECTING THE IM'I'CII 
Peace hath her trenches no less than- 
Fruii) the Inquirer (Philadelphia) 









NOW WATCH THE DIET FLY'. 
From the Globe (New York) 



" DEE-LIGHTED " 
(President Roosevelt has illustrated his message 
to Congress. The American cartoonist welcomes him 
to the craft. No trouble finding something " to do 
with ex-president Roosevelt.") 

From the Journal (Minneapolis) 



Some Activities of a Versatile President 



149 




A FEW SHOTS AT THE KING'S ENGLISH 

"What Mr. Roosevelt moans is to scrap the English language. He is a patriot 
not a pottering Philologist," according to the London Saturday Review. 
From Collier's Weekly (New York) 






Hon 






providing each Con- 
gressman with a copy 
elaborately supplied 
with photographic il- 
lustrations. 

Incidentally it may 
be said that these mes- 
sages to Congress were 
much commented upon 
by reason of their use 
of the simplified spell- 
ing that had been rec- 
ommended by a group 
of learned gentlemen 
who had banded them- 
selves together to re- 
form the spelling of 
the English language. 
They had appealed to 
Mr. Roosevelt during 
his summer vacation 
at Oyster Bay by tell- 
ing him the}- had hit 
upon a method of 
arousing an apathetic 
nation to the adoption 
of phonetic spelling 
not by gradual process 
but by a sudden stroke. If Mr. Roose- 
velt would but use the simplified form him- 
self, and instruct the Government Printing 
( Trice at Washington to put all public docu- 
ments in this new phonetic dress, the re- 
formed system would be virtually estab- 
lished, and the newspapers and public 
schools would have to follow. 



/A 



TWISTING THE LION'S TONGUE 
Fatheh Time (closely examining small incision in tree 

trunk) : " Who's been trying to cut this tree down?" 
"Teddy" Roosevelt (in manner of young George 

Washington) : " Father! I kannot tel a li. ' I did it with 



my litl ax." 
Father Time 



" All. well : Boys will be boys! 
From Piuteh (London! 




From tile Spokesman-Review (Spokanej 



150 A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE NEW SCHOOL 
I i Mm the Plain Dealer (Cleveland) 



The outcome proved, however, that there were some things that even the dauntless 
President could not accomplish. The English language resisted the attack. Mr. Roose- 
velt accepted his defeat with entire cheerfulness. There was little if any reformed spell- 
ing in his Romanes lecture at Oxford three or four years later. About spelling reform. 





■'*< - I«S I 



TEACHING THE YOUNG IDEA HOW TO SPELL 
From the World (New York) 




THIS DOES SETTLE IT 
i President Roosevelt positively cannot accept the 
nomination for a third term; he has undertaken the 
introduction of spelling reform, and that is trouble 
enough for one man.) 

From the Tribune (Minneapolis) 



Some Activities of a Versatile President 



151 




ptf ifl ; ; 




THE PRESIDENT CROWNED AGAIN 
From the World (Now York) 

as about the revision of the tariff, Mr. 
Roosevelt was, in fact, at heart an oppor- 
tunist. At one time or another he urged 
both reforms at the request of his earnest 





THE ANGEL OF PEACE 

(The Germans think ho looks uncommonly like the 
American President. But they don't quite like his 
looks for all that, i 

From Kladderadatsch fBerlin) 







Mi:, Roosevelt to Norway : " Delighted ! 
award of the Nobel peace prize, i 

From the Prcan (Philadelphia) 



(The 



4 



"WAIT JUST A MOMENT. MR. PRESIDENT' 
From the Leader (Cleveland) 



152 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



and convinced friends ; but he 
himself could afford to abide 
the general verdict and await 
the slower processes of time. 

Through all this period there 
was constant and relentless ef- 
fort in the Department of Ci >m- 
merce and Labor, the Depart- 
ment of the Interior, and the 
Department of Justice to prove 
and to punish violations of law 
by great corporations. Mr. 
Hitchcock had retired from the 
Interior Department, to be suc- 
ceeded by Mr. James R. Gar- 
field. Mr. Cortelyou, after the 
successful campaign of 1904, 
had become Postmaster-Gen- 
eral, and in the middle of Mr. 
Roosevelt's second term 
had been transferred to the 
head of the Treasury Depart- 
ment upon the retirement of the Hon. Les- 
lie M. Shaw. Mr. Moody, who had suc- 
ceeded Mr. Knox as Attorney-General (Mr. 
Knox having entered the Senate) was as 
energetic as Knox himself in the prosecu- 
tion of offending corporations. Meanwhile, 
a vacancy having occurred on the Supreme 
Bench, Mr. Moody was appointed to that 
high tribunal, and Mr. Charles J. Bonaparte 
became Attorney-General. 




' TEDDY THE GOOD ' 



IN A NEW ROLE 



It is a very laudable purpose, but would anybody but Tbeodore Roosevelt ever 
he think of dedicating a Christmas windfall of $40,000 for such a purpose?" 
From the Times- (Brooklyn) 





Uncle Sam (to the President) : "Here. Theodore, 
drop that and get back to your old job." 

From the Blade (Toledo) 



John Bull : " Thank you. Mr. Roosevelt, for the 
prompt kindness of your navy and your people in 
this terrible disaster at Jamaica i 

From the Westminster </'/:< //< (London) 




A DUSY DAY IX THE CABIXET 
From the Tribune (Chicago) 



Some Activities of a Versatile President 



153 





•■I TAKE MY PEN IN HAND" 
From the Evening Mail (New York) 

Mr. Oscar S. Straus had succeeded Mr. 
Cortelyou as head of the Department of 
Commerce, and Herbert Knox Smith had 

become head of the Bureau of Corporations succeeding Mr. Garfield. Mr. Pinchot, who 
had for a long time been Chief Forester under the veteran head of the Department of 
Agriculture (Mr. Wilson), had by this time become an official of great influence and power. 



All. HEADY FOR THE FIREWORKS 
From the Tribune (Chicago) 




THE PRESIDENT AND THE UNITED STATES SENATE 
i The hen vociferously protests, but Farmer Roosevelt selects the eggs just the same.) 

From the Saturday Gloat (Utical 



154 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



***% 




ROOSEVELT 
SEES 



AS SENATOR 
HIM 



From iln- Qlobe (New York) 



the law was enforced against oppressive 
combinations. 

A delicate situation, moreover, had arisen 
on account of anti-Japanese riots in Pacific 
Coast States. Japanese laborers were not 
excluded under the law that prevented Chi- 
nese immigration. A good many Japanese 
lain piers were finding employment. Cali- 
fornia demanded the extension of the Ex- 
clusion act to Japanese and Korean labor- 
ers. Japan's victor}- in the great war against 
Russia had naturally enhanced the con- 
sciousness of power and importance among 
the Japanese people, and they resented the 
idea <>f exclusion from America. The sit- 
uation was met with tact and good-will by 
both governments. 

The great financial panic that spread from 
the banks and trust companies of New York 
City throughout the country in the last 
weeks of H)0~ created situations that called 



His strength was due to the greatness of 
the situations he had to deal with, and the 
breadth of his view and the strength of his 
grasp. When Mr. Pinchot had taken office 
years before, we were practically without 
forest reserves. No one had supposed that 
our timber supply could be exhausted. But by 
degrees it came to be understood that great 
lumber companies were managing to mo- 
nopolize the forest areas that remained as 
part of the Western public domain, and that 
for reasons of large public policy the re- 
maining timber areas must be kept as na- 
tional forests. 

President Cleveland had made an impor- 
tant beginning in this direction: President 
McKinley had gone still further, and it re- 
mained for President Roosevelt, with his 
exceptional knowledge of the physical con- 
ditions of the country, to make forest pres- 
ervation, and the protection of other great 
natural resources, one of the leading con- 
cerns of his administration. There was ear- 
nest co-operation among all the executive 
departments to protect the public domain, 
to enforce the Interstate Commerce law in 
the interest of the people, and to see that 




THE TKUTH ABOUT THE PANIC 

" Teddy, in the heat of his eloquence, heating the 
table, caused to fall a number of banks, which were 
already worm-eaten. Seizing the advantage of this 
accident, he began to thunder against business cor- 
ruption. Yet, during nearly eight years of his 
' reign ' he did nothing to suppress these corrupt 
practices. He escaped at the end of his term by stir- 
ring up a great scandal. 

" Teddy, you fool nobody. We all know that your 
anger is put on to assure you a fine wind-up." 
From Fifjaro (Vienna) 



Some Activities of a Versatile President 



155 







NO MOLr.Y-CODIH.IXii iif.ki; 

i Tli i^ is the prevailing Wall Street notion 
President Roosevelt's attitude toward corporate 

t.T.'srs. i 

From the Globe (New York) 



for government relief. Mr. Roosevelt, 
through his Secretary of the Treasury, 
.Mr. Cortelyou, acted with his accustomed 
promptness. The money stringency was re- 
lieved by the government's proposal to is- 
sue and place on the market many millions 
in Panama Canal bonds, and many more 
millions in short-term notes under a law that 
had been enacted in the period of the Span- 
ish War. 

The panic illustrated the need of a reform 
in our money and banking system; and Mr. 
Roosevelt did everything in his power to 
promote the view of those who were work- 
ing for banking reform and an elastic cur- 
rency. There were many financiers embar- 
rassed by the panic who imagined at the 
time that President Roosevelt's efforts to 
enforce the law as respects interstate com- 
merce and industrial monopolies had created 
distrust and brought about the crisis that 
was so disastrous to the stock market. Most 
of those men, two years later, in looking 
back upon the course of events, would have 
acknowledged their entire mistake as to the 
facts and causes. 

The panic had been brought about bv con- 




IBM / 




WALL STREET PAINTS A PICTURE OF THE 

PRESIDENT 

From Collier's Weekly (New York) 

ditions of over-speculation and bad business 
methods that were brought clearly to light 
when the strain came. The panic, in other 
words, was but a symptom of those very 



THEM A (MOW 







THE RAILROADS AND ROOSEVELT 

(Before and after the long struggle for anti-rebats 

legislation.) 

From the Evening Star (Washington > 



156 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



K^^IS^ 






m 

WML 




■■ WHOA : " 

I Apropos of the President's order reserving tbe public 

timber and coal lands.) 

From the Record Herald (Chicago) 

evils in the industrial and commercial world 
that Mr. Roosevelt had been pointing out 
and trying to remedy. 




THE THUNDERER 

Cseum ipsum petimus stultitia neque, 
Per nostrum patimur scleus, 
Iracunda Jovem ponere fulmina. 

— Horace, Ode 111, 38-40. 
From Collier's Weekly (.New York) 




NO OCCASION FOR GENERAL ALARM 

President Roosevelt: "Don't be afraid, gentlemen; he will hurt only the crooks." 
From the Saturday (llobc (Utica, N. Y.) 



Some Activities of a Versatile President 



157 



^-f^4^?'^^*S : V6i BUSTERS 



TRUST- 









,J^^j^/^*JS?^ 







\_ \ 



\m»--,M'JB 



•«&& 






&' ^¥/ #MIJ//S/; 



■ ir *--; 



^l^Ss 1 '• 



-*£l 



THE USUAL VICTIM 
From the Herald (New York) 



Out of the intense discussion of that period, several plans of financial reform were 
evolved ; and these had much debate during the ensuing Presidential campaign. Thus Mr. 





VACATION TIME ON SAGAMORE HILL 
From the Tribune (Minneapolis) 



President Roosevelt: "Uncle Sam, ii seems to 
me that this tool ought to be used " 

From the Tribune (Minneapolis) 



158 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 





UNFORTUNATELY, PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S 
ARMS ARE NOT LONG ENOUGH 

From Puck (Tokio) 



DISCUSSION IS BETTER THAN CONCUSSION 
President Roosevelt : " Don't butt ; let's talk it 
over." 

From the Eatjle (Brooklyn, New York) 

Bryan made himself an advocate of the plan 
of guaranteeing bank deposits; and he se- 
cured the endorsement of this plan in the 
Democratic platform. Mr. Roosevelt and 
his administration agreed with most of the 
bankers that the guaranteeing of deposits 
would not be wise. They advocated, on 
their part, the establishment of a general 
system of postal savings-banks, so that if 




THAT INTERVIEW AS IT WASN'T 
Admiral Yamamoto : " ciooil morning, Mr. Presi- Admiral Yamamot 

dent. We are going to have a war — warm day to-day " 

President Roosevelt : '-What's that?" President Roosevelt: "Oh. yes, yes 

we are." 

From the Trihune (Minneapolis) 



" We are going to have a 
I think 



Some Activities of a Versatile President 



159 




PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT FINDS THE DENIZENS OF THE CANEBRAKE PREPARED 

From the Herald (New York) 



the people were afraid to deposit their savings in ordinary banks thev could commit them 
to the care of the government under reasonable conditions. It was believed that this 
misjht be an especially effective thing in times of business panic or distrust. 

In the last two years of the administra- 
tion, the place of Postmaster-General was 




RECIPROCITY 

' mi. ^oud lift deserves another, i 
From the Journal (Minneapolis) 




WHEREAT I WAS MICH CAST DOWN.'— The 

dore Roosevelt, '* Hunting Big (lame " 

From the Herald i New York) 



160 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




Sow, Mr. Railroadman, stuck watering must stop — 



Rates are too high- 





They must come down- 



Safety must be guaranteed- 





1 hope I impress my meaning on you — Good day!' 

RAILROAD LEGISLATION 
From Collier's Weekly 



Some Activities of a Versatile President 



161 





AX IMPREGNABLE SHIELD 
From the Gazette-Times (Pittsburg) 



the \i:i;v simple message of the bh: 

STICK. I1K WHO KEN'S MAY READ 
Prom the Tribune (Minneapolis) 

filled by Air. George von L. Meyer, who had 
served as ambassador at more than one lead- 
ing European capital. Mr. Meyer bent all 
his energies toward securing the adoption 
by Congress of the postal savings-bank 
scheme: and although its success was de- 
ferred, there was every assurance that postal 
savings-banks would be established in the 
very near future. The plan was endorsed by 
the Republican national convention, and Congress accordingly passed the bill, with Mr. 
Taft and the Postmaster-General (Frank Hitchcock) also favoring it, early in 1910. 

Mr. Roosevelt had managed through these years of high pressure and varied activity 
to avoid those effects of strain and over-work that few men have been able to escape whose 
responsibilities are great and whose duties are incessant. His, through the Presidential 
years, was always the clear, strong mind of the man who sleeps well, takes his exercise, 
and Wards off the disease called worry. 

Thus, as the panic came on Mr. Roosevelt was on his way back to Washington from 
a bear hunt in the Louisiana canebrakes. These absences were always well-planned, never 
interfered with public business, associated themselves with helpful visits to different parts 
of the country, and kept the President physically able to meet the tasks that only a strong 
man could survive. 

That period of Mr. Roosevelt's Presidency was one in which his dominant note of jus- 
tice and public duty was of more value to the country than any other tone or quality 
could have been. Whether the civil service, the national forests, tariff reciprocity with 
European countries, naval growth, insular questions, canal problems at Panama, an army 
and race theme like the Brownsville affair, or any other of a hundred topics was under 
consideration, Mr. Roosevelt brought to bear in every case the power of a vigorous mind 
and conscience, lie saw in a clear, broad manner the thing that was right to be done, and 
demanded of Congress and the country the ethical solution and no other. 



CHAPTER XXII 

Refusing a Third Term 

NOTHING like the Roosevelt third-term movement had ever before been known in 
American history. The struggle to give President Grant a third term was en- 
tered upon by his friends and political beneficiaries, in the very face of a disap- 
proving national and party sentiment. But the movement to give Roosevelt a third term 




PRESIDENTIAL TRANSPORTATION. — Both cartoons on this page are from the Journal, .Minneapolis 
The G. O. P. Elephant: "Come, Mr. President, I'll furnish you another free ride if you'll just get aboard/ 




THE HOUSE-HUNTERS (BRYAN, TAFT. AND FAIRBANKS) 
Bryan : " That house looks good to mo. if the present occupant really expects to give it up." 



Refusing a Third Term 



163 




JUST A LITTLE LIT NERVOUS 
The Elephant: "I don't likv the looks of that fellow, Theodore. You'd better 

past 1908." — From the Saturday <;l<>l>r (Utica) 



stay with mo till I get 



was national and almost irresistible, and its successful resistence was due to his own firm 
will and the use of his prestige and power to secure a different result. 

Naturally the Republican party desired success, and it was sure to win under his leader- 
ship. But he had made his announcement on election night in 11)04. and he saw no good 
reason for changing his mind. He was, of course, plainly bound not to seek in any way a 
renomination, <>v to abet the movement. There was. however, no reason of honor or good 
faith that could have prevented his taking 
the oath of office and serving again, if he 
had been nominated and elected. 








ALTHOUGH I-KKSIDKNT ROOSEVELT HAS 
"IRREVOCABLY" REFUSED THE THIRD TERM 
NOMINATION, IT MAY COME TO THIS IN 1908. 

From the Spokesman-Review (Spokane) 




THE HUNTER HINTED 
From thn Journal (Minneapolis) 



164 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




a g 
a & 
o pq 



j a 






Refusing a Third Term 



165 




CESAR'S NO! 
I-' rum Puck. Copyrighl 190S. By permission. 



The President of the United States exercises in reality a greater power than do the 
hereditary rulers of monarchical countries. A masterful and positive President like Mr. 
Roosevelt, though loyal in all intent to the Constitution, drives swiftly to the ends he 
deems wise and right, and builds up for the executive an authority and an influence that 
tend to permeate the whole government. So popular a President as Roosevelt influences 
political situations in the States, and without any such precise purpose may bring under 
his moral sway many men in the Congresses he has helped to elect. He fills vacancies 
in the federal judiciary. — from the Supreme Bench to the district judgeships in all the 
States; and without a thought of undue influence over the judiciary, lie may name a 
good many judges of his own way of thinking. 

Thus the power of a strong President is cumulative; and there is wisdom and safety 
in the tradition that limits the President to a consecutive period of eight years. Mr. 
Roosevelt had not read American history amiss. If we had been in the thick of a great 
foreign war, and the country regardless of party had insisted upon his taking another 
term, he might have seen a sufficient reason for remaining at his post. But the country 
had an abundance of trained and capable men, and there was some reason to think that 



166 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




sure 
were 
Taft 
nate 



RELIEVING THEIR ANXIETY 
I The aspirants for the Presidential nomination 
pressing Mr. Roosevelt to repeat his declaration that 
be would not run again.) 

Prom the Evening Star (Washington) 



the time had come for a President of a 
different temperament. Few people 
will ever understand how great a pres- 
Mr. Roosevelt resisted. Even those politicians who were thought to be opposing him 
constantly pressing the idea upon his attention. After it had become certain that 
would win as against any of the other candidates, there was a renewed effort to nomi- 
Roosevelt, both to make the election easier and also to clear the field for 1912. 



TEDDY AND HIS PRESIDENTIAL SLATE 
From the American (Nashville) 




HBWB 



^£-CLE 



THE COUNTRY IS BACK OF HIM 
Go ahead, Teddy ; whichev"- 



— .er path you choose you have U. S. back of y 
From the Journal (Minneapolis) 



you. 



Refusing a Third Term 



167 





c„„,-„^.^- 

THE PRESIDENT AND THE GOVERNORS — ALSO SIR. BRYAN 
(Mr. Roosevelt had called the Governors of the States and others into 
:i great conference at the White House in May. 1908, t insider the pres- 
ervation of natural resources.) 

From the lh raid i Washington) 







A NATURAL RESOURCE 
(Speaking of conserving our natural resources, Gov- 
ernor, do you think he could be 'nduced to accept a third 
term ? ) 

From the Press ( New York i 




FIRST OF ALL 
From the Eagle (Brooklyn, N. Y.) 



168 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



/CONFERENCE 

(governors 




THE GOVERNORS! 
i Were there moving pictures for the Governors?! 
Prom the Eagle (Brooklyn, N. Y.) 



PRESERVE THE FORESTS 
From the Ear/tc (Brooklyn, N. T.) 



CHAPTER XXIII 



Helping to Choose His Successor 

MR. TAFT'S candidacy was not of his own seeking, neither was it arbitrarily forced 
upon the party by Mr. Roosevelt. It was the result of much consultation; and 
Mr. Taft, who would have preferred to return to the federal bench, became a 
candidate only because it was the prevailing view of the administration and the party 
that he was the most available man. Until the very last moment, there were great num- 
bers of Republicans who clung to the hope that the convention would be stampeded for 
Mr. Roosevelt. 








" HE'S ALL RIGHT " 
From the Evening Mail CNew York) 



Nor A WEAKLING 
From the Evening World (New York) 



There were those who said that while 
Roosevelt himself would lie acceptable to 
them, they did not approve of his dictating 
the choice of his successor. Governor Hughes had entered upon a brilliant record in 
New York, and it was decided by a majority of the New York delegation that his name 
should be presented at the Chicago convention as a candidate for Presidential honors. 
Senator Knox was the favorite son of Pennsylvania, and his name also was offered to 
the convention. Vice-President Fairbanks had the endorsement of his own State of In- 
diana, and some strength in other parts of the country. 

Speaker Cannon had the great State of Illinois behind him. although he himself re- 
garded his Presidential boom in the light of a mere personal compliment, and was ready- 
to support Taft. The delegation from Wisconsin was instructed to present the name of 
Senator La Follette by way of reminding the convention of the turn in that gentleman's 
fortunes since the refusal of the convention of 1904 to seat him and his friends. 



170 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




^ 3 



P5 '• 



O 5 " 



E -Z b " 

W P -S 

03 . >. 

|^| 

P >. 

O £ . 

u §, o 

H d £ 



Helping to Choose His Successor 



171 




THE SHADOW ON THE WHITE HOUSE GROUNDS 
From Judge I New York I 

But Mr. Roosevelt fully realized that if the convention were deadlocked by reason of 
the conflicting claims of too man)- favorite sons, the outcome would inevitably be his own 
re-nomination. He bent all his energies, therefore, toward the securing of enough pledged 




m 



Secbetabt Tait (to the President): "What's that blamed racket ahead, 'I'h lore?" 

(Secretary Taft does not find the trip to the White House devoid of adventure and opposition) 

From the Saturday Globe (Utica) 



172 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



#>*' 




h<2£££. 



LOADING THE BAND WAGON 
From the Spokesman-Review (Spokane) 





PRETTY GOOD AT " WINNING THE WEST" 
HIMSELF 

From the Blade (Toledo) 



A LIVELY CONVENTION 

(The President interested in the New York 
Convention, t 

From the World (New York I 



Helping to Choose His Successor 1 



173 



«>* ;., J^.K ^ <V'J ggg? Silk™ v- ,~.*- .K D iw». Bl vora~ BUH? 

THE WBUE 700 t ■ \fck,fc» ■*' <• £ £ 4 U 1 1 .VXV ' 



'The MOil Apu'jttm 
The MOM BU0«l3^ 






P 



' >^ ^V ({ "^-^V- (I \\ * jf DEICOATES 

ft\\ s JW * 'j infill 1 • iJ^^' lHE N0BlE 70 ° 



(Tin 



'THE THIN RED LINK OF HEROES" IN THE CONVEXTIO 

Taft delegates standing firm in the face of the tremendous enthusiast 

From Collu r's Weekly 



fVEXTIOX OF 1908 

im for Roosevelt.) 




THE " BIG STICK " WAS THERE 
From the Edfl/c (Brooklyn, New l'orU) 




DEE-LIGHTED; OR. THE RINGMASTER 
Prom the Eagh (Brooklyn, New York) 



174 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 





TAFT'S WRITING MASTER 
From the World (New York) 



MR. ROOSEVELT GETS THE CHICAGO NEWS 

WITH EVIDENT DELIGHT 

From the Philadelphia Inquirer, June 10 



delegates to nominate Mr. Taft ; and so the thing was accomplished. It was regarded by 
the country as an endorsement of the Roosevelt administration, and a determination to 
continue the Roosevelt policies. 

For Mr. Taft had been a very conspicuous ami highly trusted member of the admin- 
istration, and at all times one of Mr. Roosevelt's two or three closest advisers. Mr. 
Roosevelt had a very high opinion of all his cabinet officers, but for the statesmanship of 







THE GREATEST LEADER OF THEM ALL 
From the Herald (New York) 



Helping to Choose His Successor 



175 




The President (to Bryan) : "You'll call me papa, 
will you? " 

From the Journal i I >etroi1 > 

Mr. Root and Mr. Taft he had an especial 
regard. He ranked them with the great 
men of the early period of the Republic in 
respect of attainments, experience and con- 
structive statesmanship. 




we've both had a perfectly corking 

good time: " 

From the Enylc I Brooklyn, N. Y. i 




"HE BEGAN IT, TEACHER "— ( Messrs. Hearst, Roosevelt, Bryan, and Kern in the campaign) 

(The National Schoolmaster is somewhat indignant at the prevalence of mudslinging.) 

From the Saturday Globe (TJtica) 



176 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




ROPED ! 
From the Spokesman-Review (Spokane) 

Governor Hughes, who might have had the Vice-Presidency, was unwilling to accept 
it, and the Xew York delegation secured the convention's approval of the Hon. James S. 
Sherman. The ticket of Taft and Sherman was regarded as a little more conservative 
than Roosevelt himself, and the Democrats were ready to try their chances again under 
Mr. Bryan's leadership. 

The old opposition to Bryan within the Democratic party had largely disappeared. 
There was a strong feeling that the ticket of Bryan and Kern might win against that 
of Taft and Sherman. Mr. Roosevelt as President could not, of course, go on the stump, 
but he took an intense and active interest in the work of the campaign, and did his best 
to refute the claims of Mr. Bryan that he, rather than Taft, was the true exponent of 
Roosevelt's progressive policies. The election of Mr. Taft was universally hailed as an- 
other Roosevelt victory. 

It was a notable thing that both Taft and Bryan were presented to the country by 
their chief exponents as true and fit successors of Roosevelt, in respect of their doctrines 
and policies and of their personal attitude toward their fellow-citizens at large. The 
whole campaign as conducted on both sides, — even though it developed the usual asperi- 
ties and heated accusations, — was in reality a tribute to the character of Roosevelt as a 
national figure who summed up the general aim and common belief of all honest and 
right-minded men, regardless of party. 

The controversies of the campaign were not about fundamental things. The Repub- 
licans were accused of receiving campaign contributions from Wall Street, — with con- 
siderable truth, no doubt, — and the opponents of Mr. Taft were annoyed by disclosures 
connecting some of them with a certain Trust then under government prosecution. But 



Helping to Choose His Successor 



177 







THE PRESIDENTIAL HANDICAP!- From the Constitution (Atlanta) 
i Mr. Bryan is in doubt whether he is running against .Mi-. Taft or Mr. Roosevelt.) 

these things were mere incidents, inevitable always in national campaigns. The Roose- 
velt administration was again before the country for endorsement. Taft was part and 
parcel of that administration, was the choice of Mr. Roosevelt, and was fully ratified by 
the party. And the country in the election once more gave a vote of its confidence in 
government of the Rooseveltian stamp. 




Ms. Taft 
you, Teddy ! 



ALONE I DIDN'T DO IT 
(breathless but triumphant » 
" — From Punch < London i 




1 Tbank 



ROOSEVELT'S BIGGEST BUBBLE 
From Pasquino (Turin t 



178 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




From Puck. Copyright, 1908. Ky permission. 

THE DISPUTED TITLE— WHO OWNS IT? 

(A cartoon expressing the idea that the great issue of Roosevelt's administration 
had to do with the attempt of privileged and corporate wealth to control the country's re- 
sources and policies.) 



CHAPTER XXIV 

Last Phases of the Administration 

MR. ROOSEVELT had by no means secured ready acquiescence by Congress in all 
of his policies, and his last year was full of storm and controversy. Thus in the 
session before the election of Mr. Taft he had laid down a program of rapid bat- 
tleship construction, less than half of which had been endorsed. Nevertheless he had seen 
our navy grow to formidable dimensions. 

Early in 1908. he had sent a great battleship fleet, under Admiral Evans, to make a 
tour of both South American coasts, then to cross the Pacific to Honolulu, Japan, the 
Philippines, and China, and to return by way of Australia, the Suez Canal, and the Medi- 
terranean. This project was bitterly criticised, but it was most fortunate in its outcome. 

Anti-Japanese riots in California had stirred up some feeling of antagonism to the 
United States among the more ignorant masses in Japan. It was predicted that if our 
ships entered Asiatic waters, they would encounter those of Japan in hostile action. As 
it turned out, the fleet was received with enthusiasm wherever it went, and nowhere 
more than in Japanese waters. Its visits of courtesy at the South American ports, and 
in the Far East, were felicitous in their strengthening of friendly ties with all the coun- 
tries whose seaports were entered upon the route. 

For a full year before the end of his term Mr. Roosevelt was using leisure moments 




I'llXCRESS REFUSES TO APPROPRIATE 
WHAT THE PRESIDENT RECOMMENDS FOR 
NEW SHITS, AND THE CARTOONIST ATTRIB- 
UTES A SMILE TO JAPAN 

From the Evening Telegram ( Now York) 




T. "VESUVIUS" ROOSEVELT 

(Referring to Mr. Roosevelt's tremendous activity. 

From Collier's Weekly 



ISO 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



to plan his trip to Africa and to make thor- 
ough preparations for his expedition. His 
eager looking forward to a year of adven- 
tures in a new field strengthened his cour- 
age for the public business that was press- 
ing upon his attention. The prosecution of 
the Central and Southern Pacific railroads 
had been entered upon with a view to break- 
ing up the combination they had formed. 

A great action was pending for the dis- 
solution of the Standard Oil Company as an 
illegal trust. Meanwhile one of Mr. Roose- 
velt's judicial appointees. Judge Landis, had 
imposed an enormous fine upon the Stand- 
ard Oil Company for violation of the law 
against rebates; and Judge Grosscup, of the 
Circuit Court, had reversed Judge Landis' 
decision. During the campaign the rela- 
tione of the Standard Oil Company to the 
press and to politics were a topic of violent 
controversy. The decision of Judge Landis 

was regarded by the business world as too drastic altogether, and there had grown up a 

feeling that Mr. Roosevelt was pressing with undue relentlessness a crusade against large 

business interests. 

Whether or not there was good reason for this feeling, it involved the last year of 

Mr. Roosevelt's incumbency in heated argument and more show of temper and feeling than 

had been aroused at any previous stage in 
his career. At one time it had been thought 
that Mr. Roosevelt, in declining a third term 







ROOSEVELT TO VISIT AFRICA 

(And the Jungle Folk won't ratify.) 

From the Puss (Philadelphia) 




SIMPLIFIED SPELLING 

(Apropos of the New York Senatorial situation 
and the report that Mr. Moot may succeed Senator 
Piatt in 1909, and that Mr. Roosevelt may succeed 
Senator Depew in 1011. 1 

From the Herald (Rochester) 




A LITTLE LEGAL ARGUMENT WITH GROSSCUP 

(Referring to the Standard Oil case) 

From Judge 



Last Phases of the Administration 



181 



as President, might accept a seat in the 
United States Senate. The term of Senator 
Piatt was to expire on March 4, at the same 
time as that of the President. But Mr. 
Roosevelt, although at one time this idea 
appealed to him, had definitely rejected it, 
and Secretary Runt was the unopposed 
choice of his party in New York for the 
Senatorial toga. 

The last annual message sent to Congress 
by .Mr. Roosevelt in December, 1908, was a 
document of great length, devoted in the 
main to a recapitulation of the views and 
policies which had so strongly characterized 
his administration. Mis State papers hail 
been much more extensive, and his formal 
utterances to Congress and the public more 
frequent, than those of any of his predeces- 
sors in the Executive office. The message 
did not serve to abate controversy or to 
soothe the worn and inflamed nerves of 
railway presidents or Wall Street hank- 
ers. Business was in the dumps, and som 




THE STATIONARY CRUSADER 

I'RESLi'iM Km< si o i.i "FOLLOW ME!" (or 35.000 

words In that effect). See the ['resident's ssage to 

Congress. 

From Punch i London i 

one must he blamed. 
Congress in the previous session had undertaken to limit the President in the use ol 
secret service funds placed at Ins disposal for the detection of crime; and the scathing 
comment made by the President in his message was ill-received in both legislative cham- 
bers. Attempts were made to expunge sections of the message before receiving it and en- 
tering it upon the record of Congress. How- 
ever absurd such proposals might have been, 
they pointed to a certain bitterness and 
strain that was to affect the relations of the 




THE UNITE! 



STATES Ol' CENTKAI. AMERICA, A 
GERMAN VIEW 




President Roosevelt: "Yes 
strength 



in imn'ii ll 
From KlndSeraiatsch (Berlin) 



HANDS ACROSS THE SEA! AS CONGRESS SEES IT! 
From liir Constitution (Atlanta) 



182 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




"WILL YOU PLEASE HUSH? 
From the Herald (New York) 



Chief Magistrate and the law-making body through the remaining three months of Mr. 
Roosevelt's term. The attempt of Congress to punish Roosevelt for his message was not 
successful and produced in the public mind a reaction in his favor. 




ROUGH ON CATS 

(TBe House and the Senate, before and after the 

Presidential message current is turned on.) 

From Puck, Copyright 1908. By permission 




THE WATER'S FULL OF 'EM 
From the Globe (New York) 



Last Phases of the Administration 



183 







V_ 






^X^S%3& 



"ONE WORD MOKE." — AN ENGLISH VIEW 
President Roosevelt (to Central African fauna) : 

" Half a moment, while I just throw this off, and 

then I'm with you." 

From Punch (London) 

One of the controversies of that session 
had to do with the President's old subject, 
the civil service. In passing a law provid- 
ing for the taking of the Census of 1910, 
Congress had disregarded the President's 
advice that the thousands of extra census 





ROOSEVELT'S FAREWELL MESSAGE POINTS 
THE WAV 

(President Roosevelt, iu his last annual message 
to Congress, makes many recommendations pointing 
toward the betterment of social and industrial condi- 
tions in the United States.) 

From the Evening Herald iDuluth) 



employees should be appointed under civil 
service rules. In this controversy Mr. 
Roosevelt finally triumphed. 




WHO WILL BELL THE CAT? 
From fin' North American (Philadelphia) 



" AFTER YOU ! " 
Senate and House (tremulously) : "You go Srst, 
my « L ■ a r sir." 

(Congress took offense at some passages in the 
President's annual message, and resolved to "re- 
buke " him. 1 1 

From the Eagle (Brooklyn, N. V. 1 



184 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




(This idea of the result of the controversy between the President and Congress seems to prevail in the 

minds of a great many people.) 
From the Ohio State Journal (Columbus) 

He had also succeeded in extending the principle of the merit system to the retention 
of postmasters appointed to the smaller or fourth-class offices. During all his seven and 
a half years in the Presidency he had been 
able, in one way after another, to extend the 




SPANKED ! 

(The spanking has evidently hurt "Pa Congress' 

more than it has the husky lad.) 

From the North American (Philadelphia! 




CONGRESS ASSUMES A FIRM ATTITUDE 

From the Daily Netrs (Chicago) 



Last Phases of the Administration 



185 



! A 



rv * , /,§ 







wit . * 



NOT SO EASY! 
(Trying to hit t lie- head, — a new Congressional game.) 

From the Inquirer (Philadelphia! 



sphere and improve the working of the civil-service rules, and thus to reduce the evils of 
the spoils system to comparatively few and small areas. 

Several months before his retirement from office it had been announced that his lit- 
erary activities would be resumed, and that his African experiences would be productive of 
a series of articles to be published in Scrib- 
ncr's Magazine. It was further made known 
that he would have a regular connection, as 
a frequent writer and contributing editor. 





PROTECTING THE CIVIL SERVICE 
From the Pioneer Press iSt. Paul) 



LiNCLR Sam (on the side bench) : " If there's any- 
thing I like, it's an old-fashioned game of ' shinny ' ! *' 
From tin. Pioneer Press ist. Paul) 



186 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 







'"^'K'r-'r' 1 



TROUBLES BEGIN 

(There will lie the dickens to pay in the Fourth Estate before long. I — From the .Sun (Baltimore) 



with the Outlook, of New York, a widely read weekly periodical edited by Dr. Lyman Ab- 
bott. These announcements are reflected in two or three of the cartoons reproduced in the 
present chapter of our narration. 

What may be regarded as the final controversy of his administration had to do with 
certain newspaper attacks upon the honesty of men connected with the purchase of the 
French Panama company's assets and the 
beginnings of our work on the canal. 

Mr. Roosevelt had made great progress 
with the work at Panama. He had aban- 
doned the original plan of constructing the 
canal under the direction of a board of engi- 
neers chosen from civil life and railroad 





WHEN TEDDY BECOMES AN EDITOR 
From the Times-Star (Cincinnati) 



' ISN'T IT A DAISY?" 
(Apropos of the review of the American battleship 
fleet by President Roosevelt on its return from the 
round-the-world trip. February 22, 1909.) 
From the Record (Philadelphia) 



Last Phases of the Administration 



187 






*»■# wLkk 'WMC,.. 



W %*^ 




WHY GO TO AFRICA FOR BIG GAME3 
From the Plain Dealer (Cleveland) 

work, and had turned it over to engineer officers of the regular army, with the most for- 
tunate results. He looked upon the Panama enterprise as in some respects the crowning 
work of his administration; and he could not allow libels upon the honesty and good faith 
of the government and its agents, as respects the Panama Canal, to pass unnoticed. 

The charges had involved, by express mention, well-known men closely related to the 
President and to the President-elect ; and the charges had thus reflected upon the honor 
both of Mr. Roosevelt and of Mr. Taft, who, as Secretary of War, was in immediate charge 
of Panama affairs. Libel suits were entered bv direction of President Roosevelt, and while 





STEADY, TEDDY ! 

(This also refers t«> attacks mentioned above. 

From the Eagle (Brooklyn, X. YJ 



CHRISTMAS CARDS— From the Eagh (Brooklyn, N.5 .) 

(President Roosevelt's compliments t>> certain news- 
papers which printed the Panama Canal charges.) 



188 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




ROOSEVELT WAKNS THE CANOEIST (CALIFORNIA) 



THAT RAITDS AND ROCKS ARE AHEAD 



From the Leader (Cleveland) 

their prosecution was eventually abandoned, they were successful in their essential pur- 
pose. The prompt action taken by Mr. Roosevelt had secured complete retractions; and 
no stain had been left upon a page of our history that must always be memorable, and 
should, therefore, be without spot or tarnish. 




Copyrighted by Underwood & Underwood, N. Y. 

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AND THE PRESIDENT-ELECT ENTERING THEIR CARRIAGE AT 
THE WHITE HOUSE IN A SNOWSTORM ON MARCH 4, TO GO TO THE CAPITOL 



CHAPTER XXV 

Stepping Out of the White House 




I'VE HAD A PERFECTLY COItKIXC TIME! 



IF any man had ever seen .Mr. Roosevelt in a mood of dejection or disheartenment, the 
fact had never been revealed. He was always the man of confidence and strong 
heart. It was not that he took his responsibilities recklessly, but he never allowed 
them to burden or weigh him down. There was never a day. however difficult, when he 
was not prepared to say of the Presidency, " 1 like my job," or to declare to friends and 
foes alike, " I am having a perfectly corking time." 



190 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




IN THE WHITE HOUSE ATTIC. AS MOVING TIME APPROACHES 

Mr. Roosevelt: "I wonder how much of this stuff Bill wants me to leave behind?" 

From the Saturday Globe (Utica) 

Doubtless this was due in large part to his great physical vitality, to the evenness and 
regularity of his habits of life and work, and to the firmness of a nervous system that 
was not, like those of most other men, subject to reaction after excitement. In the lan- 
guage of a White House usher, who had served through several administrations, " there 




LETTERS FROM THE PEOPLE 

From the Daily 'J'ribunc (Chicago) 



Stepping Out of the White House 



191 



was never any man like him for hard work; 
yet no matter how late he was at it every 
night, he came downstairs each morning as 
fresh as the dew upon the roses." If Mr. 
Roosevelt ever had any days or hours of 
illness, the secret never leaked out. 

All his work was planned well in advance 
and finished easily on time. If he had a 
speech-making tour ahead of him, his dates 
were well arranged, and the speech to be 
made at each place had been carefully- 
drafted and put on paper. Some Presidents 
had never found time while in office to read 
a book. Mr. Roosevelt always kept up with 
current literature, and was always digging 
into more or less recondite fields of history 
and science. He read whole libraries while 
in the White House, although no one knows 
how he found the time. He was conversant 
with early Celtic literature and with the 
sagas of the Teutonic North, lie was more 
thoroughly familiar than any other American with all books relating in a general way to 
sportsmanship, travel, and natural history. His constant devotion to the interests and 
concerns of his family bad kept him acquainted also with the bonks that interest young 
people and children. 

At the moment of his leaving the White House and starting on his adventurous jour- 
ney to Africa he was, without doubt, more completely' and freshly informed about Afri- 




TIIi: NEWSPAPER MEN' AND CARTOONISTS LA- 
MENTING MR. ROOSEVELT'S LEAVING THE 

WHITE IIOT'SH 

I 'rom the V. irs-Tribune i Imlutli i 



SiW 




fJKk 'ft 

■ LJm 



■ - " 






-** ....'*' 



PASSING ON THE TORCH 
(" Let at least the satisfaction be ours that we have carried onward the lighted torch in our owu day 
and generation. If we do tins, then. a.s our eyes close, and we go into the darkness, and other hands grasp 
the torch, at least we can say that our part has been borne well and valiant ly." — From Roosevelt's Lecture 
at Oxford.) Prom the Hera/d (Syracuse) 



192 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT. AT THE LINCOLN FARM IN KENTUCKY. FEBRUARY 12, 1909 



can hunting, — in so far as knowledge could 
come from the reading of books and conver- 
sation with sportsmen and travelers, — than 
any other man in the world. He left the 
White House with no regrets, and with a 
sense of having served the country to the 
best of his ability. And somehow the world 
did not think of him as a man passing into 
retirement, or as one who had run his race 
and finished his course. Everybody was 
asking what Roosevelt would do next. 

On February 12, less than a month before 
Mr. Roosevelt retired from the Presidency, 
he went to Hodgenville, Kentucky, to speak 




ROOSEVELT AT A LINCOLN DINNER IN NEW YORK 
From the Evening Mail 1 New York 1 



Stepping Out of the White House 



193 




His tribute to 



WELL BEGUN AND WELL DONE 
From the Evening Mail (New York) 

at the farm where Abraham Lincoln was born, a hundred years before. 
Lincoln on that occasion was, in rhetorical form, the most perfect speech he had ever pre- 
pared. Its portrayal of Lincoln's devotion to duty and high qualities as a great President 
was in some sense a revelation of Mr. Roosevelt's own ideals. It seemed to reflect some- 
thing of the spirit in which, from his entrance into the political life of New York in 1882, 
through all his successive experiences, to the end of his term in the White House, he had 
given his own best courage and best effort for what he believed to be right causes. 



194 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




jM>! 






CHAPTER XXVI 

The Faunal Naturalist in Africa 



EVEN in Africa Mr. 
Roosevelt was in a 
certain sense an 
official of the United 
States Government. He 
was the head of a scien- 
tific expedition, author- 
ized by the Smithsonian 
Institution, to obtain 
faunal specimens for the 
National Museum. His 
expenses were otherwise- 
provided for, but his mis- 
sion was public and offi- 
cial. His preliminary re- 
port, made to Dr. Walcott 
as head of the Smithson- 
ian, was forwarded from 
Khartum when the expe- 
dition disbanded. 




MEETING OP SOVEREIGNS IN THE CENTER OF AFRICA 
His Majesty, the Kisg of the Deseiit : " In the nam.- of that Nobel whose 
prize covers you with glory, t> Teddy, I Implore you to spare other thousands 



of my subjects.' 



From Pasquino (Turin) 





THEODOHDS AFRICANUS 
From the World i New York) 



TEDDY AT HOME IN AFRICA 
(This is a specimen nf a great number of drawings by 
American cartoonists in the summer and fall nf 1900 
humorously associating Mr. Rnnscv.-lt with the fauna of 
Africa. I 

From the Press i Pit tsburtr) 



196 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



mi K 




Roosevelt : " Oh, this is bully ! Just think of 
poor Tatt back home wrestling with Congress." 
From the News Tribune tliiiluthi 

Mr. Roosevelt has fortunately given us, ' 
first in magazine articles in Scribner's and 
then in permanent form as a notable 
volume, under the title " African Game 
Trails," an account of his experiences and 
achievements from the time of his leaving 
New York, March 23, 1909, to his arrival at 
creatures was ever more carefully planned or 
and its results. Its success was beyond Mr. 





MR. ROOSEVELT'S REAL HEROISM 
From the Inter-Ocean (Cbi"ago) 



BWANA TUMBO 

(" Bwana Tumbo," the name given to Mr. Roose- 
velt by the African natives, means "Big Chief." and 
the cartoonist here gives us his idea of Mr. Roose- 
velt arrayed in that character.) 

From the World (New York) 

Cairo in March, 1910. Xo quest of wild 
better justified by its purposes, its methods, 
Roosevelt's ardent expectations. 

The first of two results that will best serve 
to give this expedition a place of its own, 
memorable and influential, must be the vast 
collection of African animals and birds that 
will be the chief treasure of the National 
Museum at Washington and that will be 
familiar to young Americans for generations 
to come. The second result must be the book 
itself, — written by Mr. Roosevelt while on 
the ground, — constituting one of the best 
volumes in the long series of his writings, 
and also one of the most valuable contribu- 
tions to the literature of animal life and nat- 
ural conditions in Africa. 

Most of Mr. Roosevelt's experiences were 
in British East Africa and Uganda, where 
he came in contact also with British officials, 
missionaries, and ranchmen, whose fondness 
for the African wilderness recalled to him 
his own experiences as a ranchman on the 
borders of Dakota and Montana. He was 



The Faunal Naturalist in Africa 



197 



NQUtiT 



0r lHt"»ii> 



air 

'[DM 



COMPLETELY 

RH[IM5! 

WRTH . POLE DISCOTEREOt--^-- 

FROM LUROPE Nyp" " '■'' ',*%$$ 

' Is 

5W1U PELICAN! %j^ 








t. -- 




ft 



U 'mMmmm 



t 



' i»$ 



SitAs—Z/s-^-jr 






I ' * -ft. f-. 










THE AGE OF ACHIEVEMENT 
From Hi.' World (New York) 



MISSING THE FUN 
From the Eagle (Brooklyn, N. Y. i 

(The announcement of Tit. Cook's discovery of the Pole was brought to Roosevelt in Africa, and he received 
the news with mental reservation and in silence. A few days later the Peary announcement came, and he in- 
stantly cabled his enthusiastic congratulations. Commander Peary made bis polar expedition in a ship named 
the Roosevelt.) 

intensely interested in 
race questions, and in all 
phases of life and nature 
in the portions of Africa 
w here he sojourned, 
hunted, and camped. 

All of his experiences 
are set down in vivid 
form upon the fascinating- 
pages of his book, just as 
other volumes of his tell 
us with swift and firm 
narration — but with the 
discursiveness of a nat- 
uralist who sees the whole 
environment — all about 
the hunting of game 
in our own Western 
wilds. The habit, to 
which we have already 
made reference, of giving 
immediate, vivid, and 




REMINISCENT. 



-From the Herald (Washington) 



198 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 






charming literary form 
to all of his active ex- 
periences out of doors, 
is one of the very best 
things attributable to 
his early life in his 
frontier ranch-house, 
where he had good 
books and not too 
many of them, and the 
power to see a narra- 
tive worth telling in 
e a c h well-considered 
expedition after bear, 
mountain lion, or other 
creatures of highland 
and plain. 

Accompanying Mr. 
Roosevelt, as his fellow- 
members of the scien- 
tific Smithsonian Afri- 
can Expedition en- 
' trusted to his charge, 
were Messrs. Mearns, Heller, and Loring. American naturalists; and Messrs. Cunninghame 
and Tarlton, who were British experts on African hunting and travel. More than 11,000 

specimens were secured for the National 




HUNTING A CANDIDATE 

(Previous to the New York municipal campaign in 1909 there was some talk 
of tendering the nomination for Mayor to Colonel Roosevelt.) 

From Oder's Bulletin (Brooklyn. N. Y. ) 



p. 



fe;l«f ■'■t'H*' f mw ■' 

/ l :-:i'M' 



Museum, including nearly 5000 mammals, 
— most of them large, about 4000 birds, and 
a large number of reptiles and smaller 
creatures. 




IN DANGER OF BEING KIDNAPrED 
(Apropos of a statement by C. D. O'Brien, a prominent 
St. Paul Democrat, that the Democratic party will nomi- 
nate and elect Roosevelt President in 1012.) 
From the Newa-Tribune (Duluth) 






"BWANA TUMBO" FOR .MAYOR 
From the Press (New York) 



The Faunal Naturalist in Africa 



199 






«fe 



s 



» I 



» 





I fP 






UNANIMOUS 

(Colonel Roosevelt laying a cornerstone at Kijabe, Africa.) 
From the Inter-Ocean C Chicago) 



IN AFRICA AND— IX THE UNITED STATES 
From the Journal i -Minneapolis) 



The expedition would have been followed through Africa by an army of press rep- 
resentatives but for Mr. Roosevelt's stern insistence. So great, however, was the demand 
for news that there was some yielding to the tendency to manufacture it on the coast, 

or else to send to the European and Ameri- 
can papers exaggerated tales based upon 
half-accurate rumors. There was no indis- 




VALENTIXES DAY IN AFRICA 
From the Hews (Detroit) 



THE FAUNAL NATURALIST AT WORK 
From the Traveler i Boston) 



200 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




Copyright by Ch.irles Scribner's Sons 

MR. ROOSEVELT AND ONE OF HIS BIG LIONS 
(From a photograph by Kermit Roosevelt in Theodore Roosevelt's "African Game Trails," published by 

Chnrles Scribner's Sons.) , 



criminate slaughter of animals, and no departure from the excellent plans originally made. 
Such plans, obviously enough, took into account all questions of climate, risk of illness, 
and sanitary precautions. Mr. Roosevelt was accompanied by his son, Mr. Kermit Roose- 
velt, whose skill and prowess as a hunter form a part of the true story of the expedition. 
Mr. Roosevelt's habit of applying all proper means to the ends that he wished to se- 
cure was perfectly illustrated in the African expedition throughout. Every detail of the 
itinerary had been planned and every item of equipment had been considered to a nicety. 
Even the books that he meant to read were carefully selected in advance, and all bound in 
pigskin, forming a compact little library for entertainment, diversion, and intellectual 



The Faunal Naturalist in Africa. 



201 



stimulus in hours of leisure during the 
African twelvemi inth. 

Thus the results to which we have al- 
luded, — namely, the great Smithsonian col- 
lection of African fauna and the admirable 
volume on "African Game Trails." together 
with the building up of physical vigor and 
the ripening of knowledge concerning colo- 
nial, imperial, and racial problems, as well 
as knowledge of natural history, — all these 
results, and many others, were not in the 
least matters of " Roosevelt luck " so-called, 
but were all of them matters of Roosevelt 
industry, perseverance, and faithful applica- 
tion of the right means to the desired ends. 

The human family has grown very rap- 
idly during the past century, in spite of that 
tendency to apply Malthusian checks which, 
— in highly civilized countries like France 
and the United States, — has led Mr. Roose- 
velt tn utter warnings against what he has 
called " race suicide." And with the mul- 
tiplication of the members of the human 
species there has naturally been growth in 




: -^t 



' 9 




*5. 




m .. 



Copyright by Charles Stribner's Sons 

UK. ROOSEVELT, RHINO AND BUSTARD 

From a photograph by Kermit Roosevelt 
In Theodore Roosevelt's "African Came Trails" published by Charles Scribner's Sons 



THE END OF A REMARKABLE 

EXPEDITION 
From Hojas Selcctas (Barcelona) 

the numbers of domesti- 
cated animals. But the 
wild creatures which had 
shared with man the vicis- 
situdes of mundane exis- 
tence have perfi irce be- 
come fewer in numbers 
and subject ti i ci mditions 
ever mi ire precarii ius. 

A knowledge of these 
fellow creatures, — t h e i r 
ways and struggles, — con- 
stitutes a very noble and 
interesting department of 
science. Air. Roosevelt 
lias taught the boys of 
America, and now also 
those of Europe as well, 
m >t merely to slaughter 
birds and beasts, but to 
know about them and to 



202 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




MR. ROOSEVELT AS HE APPEARED IN EGYPT 

have the true attitude of mind towards them. His relation towards these fellow crea- 
tures has always been humane, never cruel. 

There is always struggle among the animals themselves, whether in the American 
wilderness or in the African jungle. And if mankind had not struggled against power- 
ful beasts of prey, the human race must long ago have perished from the earth. 

Mr. Roosevelt's teachings and example in all these things, — from the time of his col- 
lege essays and studies as a naturalist, and his early Western hunting trips, down to his 
last great quest of animals in Africa. — have been of immeasurable value in leading young 
Americans to the love of enjoyment of out-of-door things, and away from pleasures and 
occupations that would enervate mind and body. 



CHAPTER XXVII 

Strenuously Visiting 
Old Europe 




TALK ABOUT BEING PRESIDENT!" 
From the Plain Dealer (Cleveland) 




THE expedition of our hunter and nat- 
uralist came to an end with its ar- 
rival and disbanding at Khartum, on 
March 14, i<jio. Here his wife and daugh- 
ter were awaiting Air. Roosevelt, as were 
the representatives of many newspapers. 




THE BIG STICK IN USB AGAIN 
From the Press (Grand Rapids) 



AS EGYPT SEES HIM 
From the Plain Dealer (Cleveland) 



204 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE AFRICAN COMET 
(Due to hit New York June 18. J 
From the American (New York) 




BACK IN THE OLD PLACE 
From the Eaylc (Brooklyn, N. Y.) 



both European and American. The remaining days of March were spent in Egypt ; and 
April, May, and the early part of June were taken up with a memorable tour of Europe. 
It is the object of this chapter chiefly to bring together some of the amusing carica- 
tures and cartoons that were produced in consequence of a journey that caused more 
comment than any other of recent times. 
Our former chapters show how large a fig- 
ure Mr. Roosevelt as President had become 




A SITTER; OR, BIG GAME TO THE LAST 

Steady, Kermit ! We must have one 



Mi; Roosevelt 
of these." 



From Punch y London i 



THE SLEEPING CONSERVATIVE, DREAMING OF 
ROOSEVELT, SEES A " BACK FROM ELBA " 
NIGHTMARE ! 

From the Plain Dealer (Cleveland) 



Strenuously Visiting Old Europe 



205 



nV^/ 





in the estimation of 
the world. It was not 
strange, therefore, that 
Europe should have 
manifested a keen in- 
terest in his visit, and 
that there should have been a general desire to extend 
a heartv welcome to the best-knpwn and most typical 



From the World (New York) 



MR. PINCFIOT'S CONFERENCE WITH COLONEL 
ROOSEVELT IN EUROPE 
From the News (Cleveland i 




MAMiE MR. TAFT'S EARS DIDN'T TINGLE 
From the Sun i Baltimore) 



206 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




Copyright by the American Press Association, N. Y. 

KING HAAKON AND COLONEL ROOSEVELT IN ROYAL CARRIAGE LEAVING THE STATION 

AT CHR1STIANIA 




Copyright, 1910, by Paul Thompson. N. Y. 

MR. AND MRS. ROOSEVELT AND THEIR DAUGHTER AT NAPLES 



Strenuously Visiting Old Europe 



207 




ROOSEVELT'S WORD TO EUROPE. — From Pasquino (Turin 1 

Roosevelt : "In the name of America I call upon you !<► disarm!" 
European Sovereigns (in chorus): "Why don't you begin yourself? 



of Americans as the opportunity offered. 
In an address at the University of Egypt 
he told the Nationalists what preparation for 
self- government meant ; 
and was naturally criti- 




A STRENUOUS VISITATION OF OLD EUROPE 
From ill'' Herald (Boston) 



208 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




CONQUERING CONTINENTS 

From the Times (New York) 

cised by hot-headed patriots for giving some excellent counsel. For the Egyptians to 
seek independence at the present time would mean chaos and ruin; and Mr. Roosevelt's 
words of praise for England's usefulness in Egypt were wisely spoken, and at the time 
and place where they could serve the best use. 







<«*^ 



LIKE TO SEE ANYBODY BEAT THAT FOR TEN 

MINUTES' WORK 

(Apropos of some expressions by Colonel Watterson on 

the subject ot Roosevelt.) 

From the Pioneer Press (St. Paul) 




ALL THINGS TO ALL MEN 
From the American (New York) 




Strenuously Visiting Old Europe 

F 



209 




WILL THIS BE THE CROWNING TRIUMPH? 

(The cartoonist o£ FiscMetto, an illustrated weekly 
published in Turin, is of opinion tbat an appropriate and 
THE BARNUM OF HIMSELF .-FiscMetto up-to-date way for Colonel Roosevelt to return to the 

United States would be by means of nn aeroplane.) 
(Ex-President Roosevelt, on bis return from Africa, has 

traveled through Europe to show off bis menagerie of 

stuffed animals. Why not capture bim at Hamburg? j\I r _ Roosevelt was received with honor 

The professional trainers could make the bunglers pay . . , , , ^ 

deur by taking him on a tour through the United States and cordiality by rulers and by people 

to make the Yankees open their eyes in amazement. I throughout Italy. His visits in Naples and 

Rome were notable, and he found ovations awaiting him at .Milan. Genoa, and Venice. He 
was received with the highest honors at Vienna; and at Budapest and elsewhere in Hun- 
gary there was boundless enthusiasm among a people who remembered well the story of 





■HERE'S THE LION-HUNTER" 
-And the stone lions are fleeing for their lives ! 
From Kakas M&rton (Budapest) 



HE WAS NOT HORN A RULER, Bl I, 
STILL, HE IS A BORN RULER" 
From Bolonil lulok (Budapest) 



BETTER 



210 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




WELCOME, MR. ROOSEVELT 

What is Roosevelt's daughter, say? 

Lady, lady, lady ! 
What is Kermit, smooth and gay? 

Pretty, pretty, pretty ! 
Who's our darling of to-day? 

Tedd\, Teddy, Teddy ! 
What are we for Roosevelt play 1 

Ready, ready, ready ! 

From Kloda-llana (Copenhagen) 




PEACE AT ANY COST 
(Apropos of Colonel Roosevelt's address on peace at 
Copenhagen) 
From the American (New York) 




(The Floh, Vienna's best known cartoon weekly, in its 
"Roosevelt edition" pictures Uncle Sam announcing that 
our " most glorious Presidents " have been Washington, 
Monroe, Lincoln, McKinley, and Roosevelt.) 




MR. ROOSEVELT'S ADMIRATION FOR VIENNA 
(According to Floh, Mr. Roosevelt was so charmed with 
Vienna that he has decided to foreg'o future American 
honors and accept the position of Mayor of the Austrian 
capital, i 



Strenuously Visiting Old Europe 



211 




HOLLAND'S CORDIAL RECEPTION 

Roosevelt: "All this seems very familiar to me." 

The Dutch Nation: "It is the home of yum' ancestors. You are thrice welcome." 

Prom Der Amsterdammer (Amsterdam) 



212 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




THE FRENCHMAN GETS A STRENUOUS SHAKE 
Roosevelt (shaking hands vigorously with II. Briand, 

in iln' latter's discomfort): "In democracies, my dear 

Briand, it is necessary to be energetic." 
From Le Hire (Paris) 




SO UNUSUAL! 
" How is this, my dear Teddy, you are going without 
borrowing three or four hundred millions? Is it possible 
that vim were not satisfied with your reception?" 
From Le Eire (Paris) 




THE SCHOOLMASTER ABROAD 

Examiner Roosevelt: "Kindergarten class in science 
of government is now dismissed." 

From the ~\Yor}d (Toronto) 




■EMPHASIZING THE OBVIOUS" IN PARIS 

Mn. Roosevelt (addressing the Sorbonne) : "Educated 
folk know more than ignoramuses ; peace is less bloody 
than war ; rich men are not poor ; race suicide is one of 
the causes of decline in population," etc. 
From Le Rire (Paris) 



■vj ^ ^ 

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O « O v 




WAR AND PEACE IN HIS HANDS.— A POLISH VIEW 
From Mucha i Warsaw i 






V--' ' 




THE COMING GUEST 
The Kaiser : " You boys will have to eat in the kitchen 
to-day ; I expect company." 

From the Herald (Syracuse) 



Strenuously Visiting Old Europe 



213 




GETTING XERVOTJS AS TEDDY APPROACHES 

The Kaiser (to his Chief of Police) : "You're sure the fire alarms are all O. K.?" 

From the Journal (Detroit) 

Kossuth's reception in the United States. The sympathy of Hungary was to be expected. 

The many European cartoons that are reproduced in this chapter indicate at once the 

amusement, liking, and aroused curiosity of the intelligent public all the way from Italy to 




YQURE A MAN OF fl YTYPE! 




ALL READY TO RECEIVE ROOSEVELT 
From the American (New York) 



THE COMPLIMENT SUPREME 
From the Eagle (Brooklyn) 



214 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




ROOSEVELT IN BERLIN 

Roosevelt : '' You are aware, my dear William, that I 
have already had an opportunitj oi speaking my mind to 
the other nations. In the inierrst >t <>ur work for peace 
I would recommend to you (his exclusive use tor the 
spiked Iielmet. especially in Alsace ! " 

Fr \ - belspaltcr (Zurich I 




BIRDS OF A FEATHER,— TEDDY AND THE KAISER 
From the Inquirer (Philadelphia) 




SONS OF THE WAR GOD 

Mars : " Bless you, my children." 

From the Spokesman-Review (Spokane) 




"SPEAKING THROUGH EUROPE" 
From Kladderadatsch ( Berlin i 





Strenuously Visiting Old 


Europe 




215 


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EMI>EROR WILLIAM AND COLONEL ROOSEVELT AT DORERITZ ON MAY 11 

(It was on this occasion that the Emperor, addressing Colonel Roosevelt, sai.l : "My friend, it is my great delight to 
welcome you in the presence tit' my guards and my army. 1 want you to realize that you art- the first private citizen 
to review German troops." Then turning to the assembled officers, he said: "Gentleman, it is a great honor for vis to 
have among us the distinguished Colonel of the American Rough Killers.") 



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Copyright by the Ainerii .n Press Association, N. Y, 

MR. ROOSEVELT WITH AMEASSADORS BACON AND JUSSERAND AXD OTHER DISTINGUISHED 

MEN AT THE TOME OF NAPOLEON 



216 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



Ein liebef Bcsuch. 




O^oofcocKs SJorfrng in Serlin: 

.'Sic TJHtdtfen bed Surgers ciner honflitutioncUcn Oltonardjic" 



THE EX-PRESIDENT'S MODESTY 

• Do not forget, gentlemen, that I am only a plain 

American citizen." 

Prom Vlk (Berlin) 



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„WIi)lorbs uiib Gentlemen! Grjlens Ijat biejcr '-Burger bos [tolje 
Setb(tbenjufotfein au rjeigert, bas ifjm fein auf bie 2Solfsitertretung 
geftiit}tes per(bnli(fjC5 iRedjt oerteifjt, bann aber aud) jene fiingabe 
ju beroeijen, beren nut ein erfjt Ibnigstrcucs <5emut Jab,ig i[t! 




SHannfjaft mufc er jelbft bent 

Xrjrone gegeniibermit3)onner: 

njotten feine inbioibuelle 

OTeinung oertreten — 



aabererjeits inu'n (fin aber aud) 
jenes marine (Sefufjl fiit ba5 
angefiammte £>errfdyrf)au5 be; 
[eelen.bo.5 eine Solgeetfdjeinung 
bet £emut uor ben gott; 
gemolUen 51 b f) a n g t g I e i t e it 
bailtellt. - 




yis burger eines lonftitutio; 
nellen Stdates loll er rjodj er^ 
fjaben iiber bem fleinlidjert 33et; 
langen natf) fjofjeier Wn- 
erfennung ftefjn — 



botf) foil er trotjbem ein 
^Blat}d)en auf jemem, gum 
anberen Xeil monardjifrf) 
gefinnten ^erjen fteifialten, 
mo ein iVronj begliitfenbei 
(Jfjrenaeidjeit unb X>etorationen 
jeberfleit SRaum finbet! m.t»r. 



ROOSEVELT AS THE "WILD HUNTER" IN THE 
ROYAL GERMAN PALACE— From Ulk (Berlin) 



RnoSEVELT'S BERLIN ADDRESS 

A German humorous view of Colonel Roosevelt making 
his address at the University of Berlin, on May 12.) 

From Kladderadatsch (Berlin) 



Strenuously Visiting Old Europe 



217 






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t rpxttM"-' 



'■ - '; 








THE COLONEL'S I. ASH THROUGH EUROPE 

"Have you seen him passing by?" 

From the Eagle (Brooklyn) 




TEL 



,ING HUNTER'S TALES IN 
THE SPREE 



THE WIGWAM ON 



Roosevelt (to Chancellor Bethmann-Hollweg) : "Pic- 
ture my predicament, my Hear Bethmann-Hollweg; on my 
right an alligator was preparing t<> rush at me; on my 
left crouched a lion ; over me a vulture hovered, and un 
der me crawled a rattlesnake., — how do you think i saved 
myself? By good luck I had with me a newspaper con 
taining your election franchise proposal. I read it aloud. 
and the wild beasts promptly turned tail and fled in a 
panic. I was saved!" — Prom Jugend (Munich) 



7 

/ 




i f 



' 




NOT WORRYING OVER THE VATICAN INCIDENT 

Roosevelt: "I have been t<> Rome, and have not seen 
the Pope." 

From Hi i- Floh i Vienna i 

ri'Iiis. of course, is in no wa,\ expressive of Mr. Roose- 
velt's feeling, for he had hoped to pay bis respects at the 
Vatican.) 




BACK TO EUROPE WITH HIS AFRICAN SPOIL 
(The view of Kladderadatsch, Berlin) 



218 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



Norway, and from Hungary to the 
British Isles. It was in Paris, on the 
23d of April, that Mr. Roosevelt de- 
livered his address on " Citizenship 
in a Republic," as had been planned 
long in advance. From l'aris the 
journey was continued, by way of 
Belgium and Holland, to the Scan- 
dinavian countries. His reception in 
Holland was especially hearty be- 
cause of his own Dutch ancestry. 
At Christiania, following visits and 
royal receptions in Copenhagen and 
Stockholm, he made an address 




TEDDY'S LAST RESORT (Mr, Roosevelt had a temporary hoarseness in Germany) 

(In order not to run the risk of again being without a voice through strain of speech-making, poor 
Roosevelt will have to rely for the moment upon the invention of another great American — illustrious Edison. 
For a premier such as he would like to be, this hoarseness is a great bore.) 

From Fisrliirtto (Turin) 




L( INGBD-POH LAURELS 

The Kaiser: "Ah, Teddy, if I only could talk as you 
did before you got hoarse." 

From JClc d 'dcrarl a1 sell iHerlini 



d. 



I a^ Sy^ 



m 





.MmMhi* 



TEDDY IX EUROTE 

" The critic of monarchs." 

From Khuhlcratlatsch (Berlin) 



Strenuously Visiting Old Europe 



219 








THE "FREEDOM" OF THE CITY 
Mi:. Roosevelt : " Momin', Brer Terrapin ! " 
City Turtle: " Mornin', Colonel I Guess you jtin't 
goin' to lie low and say nnllm?" 

Mr. Roosevelt: "Well, what do you think?" 

From Punch ( London i 



FROM A SNAPSHOT IN EUROPE 

upon world peace, in recognition of his hav- 
ing received the Nobel I'rize. 

The death of King Edward of England 
changed his plans somewhat, but he pro- 
ceeded to Berlin, where he was privately re- 
ceived and entertained by the Kaiser, in com- 
pany with whom he reviewed a body of 






''; ; 



I! 



3K*-'*- 




NOT TAKING ANY CHANCES 

(In advance of the great hunter's arrival in England, the public statuarj has been surrounded by guards 

and duly labeled " Nol to be Shol 1 ") 
From Punch I London I 



220 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



German troops, and where on May 
12 (the Emperor attending) he 
addressed the University of Ber- 
lin on "The World Movement." 
In the meanwhile, President 
Taft had notified him by cable of 
his appointment as a special am- 




THE CAMEL AND THE EYE OF A NEEDLE— From the Daily Dispatch (London) 
Teddy (to John Bull) : "You'll never coax him with that soft stuff. Take a stick to him." 

bassador to England to represent the United States at the funeral of King Edward. He 
arrived in London on May 16, and his ambassadorial rank, together with his own pres- 
tige, made him one of the most conspicuous of the personages who were in official attend- 
ance at the royal funeral. A few days later he received a degree at the University of 
Cambridge, and on May 31 he was granted the freedom of the city of London, making an 
address in the Guildhall, in which he discussed especially England's status in Egypt. 




The Bishop Bird : " Won't you come and have a 

shot at us? " 

From the Westminster Gazette (London) 



JOHN BULL AND HIS TEDDY BEAR 
From the Westminster Gazette (London) 



Strenuously Visiting Old Europe 



221 




THE WISDOM OF THE WEST 

From Piinrh i London l 



222 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




" ENGLAND, AWAKE ! " 
From the World (New York) 




MUSICS IN THE (JOHN) BULL RUSHES 

A new law-giver appears in the land of Egypt.) 

Prom Le Hire ( Paris) 





THE ENTOMOLOGIST 
From the Sun (Baltimore) 




JOHN DULL FROM MR. ROOSEVELT'S POINT OF 

VIEW 

From the Morning Leader i London) 



MULTUM EX PAKVO 

Filipino (reading Mr. Roosevelt on the proper manage, 
ment of. Egypt): ■'Splendid! There's nothing he don't 
know about empire! And to think that he picked it all 
up from me ! " 

I" I advise you only in accordance with the principles 
on which I have myself acted in dealing with the Philip- 
pines." — Mr. Roosevelt at the Guildhall.) 

From Punrh (London) 



Strenuously Visiting Old Europe 



223 





JOHN BULL'S PARTING HANDSHAKE 
From the Inquirer (Philadelphia) 

His endorsement of a firm policy on the 
part of the British Government in the land 
of the Nile became a matter of world-wide 
comment and argument. The British Prime 
Minister, sonic t'ime after Mr. Roosevelt's 
departure for America, commended the speech on the floor of Parliament; and it produced 
a visible effect upon public opinion as regards England's mission in Egypt and our own 
in the Philippines. On June 7, at the University of Oxford, he delivered the Romanes 
lecture, which was the primary occasion of his visit to England, his subject being " Bio- 
logical Analogies in History." A day or two later he set sail for New York. 



BOTH HANDS FULL 

(After the much-discussed Guildhall s| :h, for which 

Colonel Roosevelt received both praise and blame.) 
From the Eagle (Brooklyn) 




SAYING GOOD-BYE TO EUROPE 

** For lie's a jolly good follow ! " 
From the Post-Intelligencer (Seattle) 



224 A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




EX-PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AND MAYOR GAYNOR OF NEW YORK CITY 

(As they appeared on the occasion of the Mayor's greeting to the returning traveler at the official reception, 

Saturday. June IS, at the Battery.) 



CHAPTER XXVIII 

His Home-Coming and Welcome 







HOMEWARD BOUND 
" This i> my own, my native land " 
From the Times-Star (Cincinnatij 

IN Europe the plain people had received 
Roosevelt gladly everywhere. The Eu- 
ropean enemies of America have al- 
ways been among the rulers and privileged 
classes. The United States has meant to 
the workman and the peasant of Europe the 



land of opportunity and 
of promise, and Roose- 
velt's name had become 
familiar as that of the 
man typifying the best 
things in the life of the 
American people. 

The European press 
had received Roosevelt 
with interest, curiosity. 
a u d expressions of 
amusement more or less 
polite. His address at 
t h e Guildhall, which 
was admirable in form 
and spirit, quite shocked 
the British newspapers 
because it was the con- 
ventional British thing 
tn appear shocked. In 
reality, nobody was in 
the smallest degree per- 
turbed or offended. 





OLD EUROPE RESTING AT LAST! 
From the Plain Dealer (Cleveland) 



I CAN'T SEE HIM, BUT I THINK I CAN HEAR 
HIM! " 
From the Inquirer (Philadelphia) 



226 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 





MY COUNTRY, 'TIS OF THEE ! ' 
From the Sun (Baltimore) 




IN PASSING 
(Colonel Roosevelt, on the homeward voyage, takes ad- 
vantage of the opportunity to deliver a lecture to old 
Neptune on " How to Run the Ocean." | 

From the American (New York) 



SIGHTED! 
From the Evening World (New York) 




RELIEF IN SIGHT 
From the Herald (Washington) 



AWAITING THE TRAVELER'S RETURN 
From the Post (Pittsburg) 



His Home-Coming and Welcome 



227 



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New York to Mil Roosevelt: "Good-morning, Colonel!' — From the Eagle (Brooklyn, N". Y.) 




RELIEF! 

From the Daily Ncics (Chicago) 



WONDER WHAT THEY ARE LOOKING FOR? 

From the Inquirer (Philadelphia) 



228 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 






Kasa 



83 



mi it H WmPm 



BACK FROM ELBA 
From the Xeics-Zcintilar (Memphis) 



DELIGHTED! 
From the Journal (Minneapolis) 

But much more important than Europe's casual impressions, and the comments of 
the European press, was the sort of effect upon the state of mind of his own countrymen 
that Mr. Roosevelt's return was destined to produce. His last year in the White House 
had been difficult, and many of the newspapers had been harsh in their criticisms. The 
President is a man of great power by virtue of the bearings his office has upon the for- 
tunes of hundreds of thousands of men who are of some consequence in their own com- 
munities. When Mr. Roosevelt refused another term and his successor was duly elected 
people began to think of the man who was coming into power and who was already choos- 
ing his official associates, rather than of the man who was not only laying down the 



r 




V*, 1 — i 4«HNi-TnS~ 








THE UNITED STATES WILL PLEASE COME TO 

ORDER ! 

From the Herald (Washington) 



Insurgent and Regular, Both : " You wait till Roose- 
velt gets here : he'll fix you ! " 

From the Oregonian (Portland) 



His Home-Coming and Welcome 



229 




UNCLE SAM'S "WELCOME HOME" TO ROOSEVELT 
(Homer Davenport in New York Evening Mail) 



230 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




From the 1'atjh- i Brooklyn < 

sceptre of rule, but who was also going into 
a voluntary exile, banishing himself to the 
heart of Africa, in order that there might be 
no man able to say that Roosevelt out of 
office was still trying to order the affairs of 
the country. 

There was widespread interest in his 
African movements, but only scanty news. 
Not one word of authorized interview, or of 
comment upon American affairs or his own 
intentions, did Mr. Roosevelt utter during his 
entire absence. Many business men through- 
out the country, led by Wall Street, had ex- 



pressed themselves, 
with rather brutal 
frankness, as happy to 
have Mr. Roosevelt go 
to Africa. They were 
eager to enter upon the 
expected years of calm- 
ness and unruffled busi- 
ness prosperity that 
were sure to come with 
the wise and steady ad- 
ministration of Taft, 
succeeding the head- 
strong and turbulent 
years of the Rough 
Rider in leadership of 
the nation. 

It is not the Presi- 
dent alone, however, 
who makes our polit- 
ic a 1 and financial 
weather. Mr. Taft's 
first year was stormier 
than any one of Mr. 
Roosevelt's seven and a 
half years. This was 
for many reasons ; si ime 
of which were subject 
to Mr. Taft's control. 
Many of them, how- 
ever, were beyond his 
power. 

It happened, never- 
theless, that just as 
^'all Street and the 
people whose state of 




MUTUAL GREETING 
From the Times-Star (Cincinnati i 




mmm. 



His Home-Coming and Welcome 

ft \ft/2&,m 



231 





; Collier & Son 



" HURRAH FOtt TEDDY ! " 
(The welcome awaiting him ;it 1 1 1 < - hands of tin' pi 
From Collier's Weekly 



,ple 



mind i- determined by the business barometers bad formed the habit of abusing Mr. 
Roosevelt with extreme exaggeration, even so had they in one short year begun to abuse 
Mr. Taft quite as unsparingly. And since Mr. Taft was the man at the helm, it was easy 
enough to forget the other man's faults and to wish that he were steering the ship again. 
And so a good many of the men who had been willing to have Roosevelt exile him- 
self, but who had not been willing in March. 
[909, to go down the harbor to bid him 1 - 





■ 









THE NON-PARTISAN RECEPTION 

(In accordance with Colonel Roosevelt's wishes, bis re- 
ception was entirely non-partisan. 1 
From the Record (Philadelphia 1 



i£~- 



RPfev 






. m 



'ia 



HOME AGAIN ! 
From the Worhl 1 New York) 



232 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 








SWAMPING THE COLONEL I 
From the Press (New York) 



HIS PROGRESS HOMEWARD 

speed, were quite elated to find themselves 
appointed to serve on the large reception 
committee of June, 1910; and down the har- 
bor they cheerfully went, to welcome Mr. 
Roosevelt back home with effusion, if not 
with life-long affection. 

The country as a whole, however, wel- 
comed him home with an enthusiasm and a 
devotion that were sincere beyond any 
doubt. He was greeted with an applause 
that rang true in every State and Territory. 
Nothing of its kind so impressive had ever 
been seen in New York as the crowds that 
lined the route of his drive from the Battery 
up Broadway to Central Park at high noon 
of June 18, 1910. 

It would be easy to make up a volume of 
the clever and amusing cartoons drawn for 
the American newspapers in the few days 
just before and just after Mr. Roosevelt's 




TAKING ON THE PILOT 
From Collier's Weekly 



His Home-Coming and Welcome 



233 




From Collin's Weekly 



arrival. We have selected a few of these, in 
order to give some impression of the spirit 
and character of the country's greeting. It 
was deeply gratifying to Mr. Roosevelt to be 
welcomed home with such heartiness; and 
the little speech he made, in response to 
Mayor Gaynor's formal but kindly words 
of welcome, must be recorded in these pages 
as belonging to our condensed chronicle of 
Roosevelt's career. The speech in full was 
as follows : 

I thank you. Mayor Gaynor. Through you I thank 
your committee, and through them I wish to thank 
the American people for their greeting. I need 
hardly say I am most deeply moved by the reception 
given me. No man could receive such a greeting 





Copyright, 1910, by Harper & Brothers 

" MY BOY : " 

(Undo Sam's welcome to ex-President Roosevelt.) 

From Harper's Weekly 













m ^miK 




f\ 






THE RETURN FROM ELBA 
From Collier's Weekly 



I'nct.f Sam : " How's the boy? " 
From the Inquirer (Philadelphia) 



234 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 



without being made to feel both 
very proud and very humble. 

I have been away a year and a 
quarter from America, and I have 
seen strange and interesting things 
alike in the heart of the frowning 
wilderness and in the capitals of the 
mightiest and most highly polished 
of civilized nations. I have thor- 
oughly enjoyed myself, and now I 
am more glad than 1 can say to get 
home, to be back in my own country, 
back among the people I love. 

And I am ready and eager to do 
my part, so far as I am able, in help- 
ing solve problems which must be 
solved if we of this the greatest 
democratic Republic upon which the 
sun lias ever shone are to see its 
destinies rise to the high level of our 
hopes and its opportunities. 

This is the duty of every citizen, 
but it is peculiarly my duty; for any 
man who has ever been honored by 
being made President of the United 
States is thereby forever after ren- 
dered the debtor of the American 
people, and is bound throughout his 
life to remember this as his prime ob- 
ligation, and in private life as much 
as in public life, so to carry himself 
that the American people may never 
have cause to feel regret that once 
they placed him at their head. 

On the following page is a picture of Air. Roosevelt in the act of uttering these ap- 
propriate words. The meaning of the statement was clear beyond a doubt. Air. Roose- 
velt meant as ex-President to serve his country as best he could, doing everything in his 
power tn promote progress and justice, without seeking anything for himself. 




Father Knickerbocker : " Come to my arms, my 
From IIk' II orld i New York! 



eamish boy 




Uncle Sam: "Just as I expected, Teddy! Associating 
with Emperors and Kings hasn't changed you one par- 
ticle ! " — From the Prim ( New York i 




EN ROUTE AGAIN 
From the World (New Yorki 



His Home-Coming and Welcome 



235 




Photograph by i!ie American Pi ess Assn 

MR. ROOSEVELT SPEAKING IX RESPONSE TO MAYOR GATNOR'S ADDRESS OF WELCOME 




Photograph by Brown Bros. 



THE WELCOMING CROWDS ON BROADWAY. JUNE is 



236 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 







WHEN TEDDY COMES MARCHING HOME 

From the Journal (Detroit) 





NEW YiiIIK AT LAST ! 
From the Jersey Journal (Jersey City i 



Uncle Sam : " We were wondering what to do with you.' 
T. E. : " Leave that to me : " — Philadelphia Press. 



His Home-Coming and Welcome 



237 




Ills GREATEST HONOR 

(Roosevelt's enthusiastic reception on landing at New 

York. I 

From the Herald (Boston) 



Photograph by the American Press Assn. 

RECOGNIZING FRIENDS EN ROUTE 



238 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




HOME AGAIN*! 
From the Evening A< «•»• (Newark) 




Copyright by the American Press Association, N. Y. 

SAGAMORE HILL, MR. ROOSEVELT'S HOME, AS IT WAS IN THE SUMMER OF 1010 



CHAPTER XXIX 

An Ex-President in His Active Retirement 




FOR ex-Presidents there is no es- 
tablished code of duty or of eti- 
quette. It has come to be well 
understood that a Vice-President should 
be dignified, without seeming to be as- 
piring or expectant, and without allow- 
ing himself to be influential. What ex- 
Presidents, however, ought to do, he- 
sides remembering that they are to set 
an example of dignity and of unselfish 
devotion to country, is a question that 
has always been debated but never 
conclusively answered. 

There are those who would make our 
ex-Presidents Senators for life. There 



GOODNESS! CAN THIS BE THE ORIGINAL BIC 

STICK? 

From thn Orcgonian (Portland) 



240 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 







mm* 

mm) 'NWmmmw 


M 




\mw *M6t!fJi^A ". wTi 




J&r:- \ 


IPss- w 




WJB^M 


lk^^^? 




Cf 






;-a* «k 






« r 



' Ve gods — what a change' 



"Suffering snakes — is that my old home?" 




' My old puddin' chummy " 



"And 1 left it a flourishing Institution 



THEODORE IN WONDERLAND (A YEAR'S CHANGES) 

From Collier's Weekly (New York) 



An Ex-President in His Active Retirement 



241 



I WILL KEEP I 

SILENT FOR 

TWO MONTHS 







\ wSmm 




IS IT POSSIBLE 



I In response to numerous questions, Mr. Roosevelt an 
nounced on returning from abroad that he would h:iv>- 
nothing to say on political subjects for two months.) 
From the Press (Philadelphia) 

are others who would not permit them to 
hold any kind of public office. John Quincy 
Adams, after leaving the White House, in 
1829, was elected to the House of Represen- 




JUST A CASIO OF NERVES 
From the Herald (Washington) 




/Ah ,. 

BACK ON THE JOB AGAIN 
From the Traveler (Boston) 



Roosevelt (to Uncle Sann : "Come, little boy, and 
take your medicine." 

From Judge 



242 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 












President Taft to Colonel Roosevelt: " I, too, have 
Dot been idle." (Mr. Taft presents his little bills. — 
Railroad, Statehood, Postal-Savings Banks and Conserva- 
tion.) 

From the Record-Herald (Chicago* 



than two years after his retirement in 1885. 
President Hayes retired to his country 
home in Ohio, in 1881, after four years in 
the White House, and died in 1893. He 
was highly useful, for twelve years, in 
many causes of philanthropy and edu- 
cation. 

General Grant was an ex-President for 
eight vears, and most of that period was 
actively spent in a blaze of publicity. 
I lis tour around the world occupied more 
than two years, from May 17. 1877, to 
November 12, 1879. He was received 
with the highest honors in all the coun- 
tries he visited. In the years immediate- 
ly following he visited Mexico and Cuba, 
and was a United States commissioner to 
make a commercial treaty with Mexico. 
In 1880 he was again a candidate for the 
Presidency, his name holding together a 
large body of delegates through thirty-six 



tatives, where he served 
for eighteen years, — until 
his death, — as a conten- 
tious and eloquent mem- 
ber of Congress. 

President Cleveland 
was sixty years old when 
he left the White House 
in 1897, and he died at the 
age of seventy-one. His 
quiet and consistent life 
at Princeton was not 
without its relation to 
public opinion and the 
country's affairs; but his 
health was not vigorous, 
and his life as an ex-Presi- 
dent was private rather 
than public. 

President Harrison 
practiced law and wrote 
an excellent book on con- 
stitutional government in 
the short period of life re- 
maining to him after leav- 
ing office in 1893. Presi- 
dent Arthur lived less 




THC BflUmGER-PINCHOTHFFHlR? 




"THE \$\Z PRFSVOtNTlHl. RftCE ■ 



W|5H YooCOUlD 
MEET MY FRIE.NO 
YVK. HEIVI — 
HFWT BULLY 

Fei low 



10 LIKE To ) 
IMTROOOCE I 
WO To Tdg 
Ml KR0O. TED,| 
HE'S MO 
MOU-<<ODP L V 




THEIR TRftVELS? 



Did You RehdHOW, 
HARVARD WON 
THREE eof|Y RACE5 
FROM YALE" 




ORTrtE. PROWESS OF THEVR C0LLF.C.E&. 



R. HAD A PRIVATE INTERVIEW WITH PRESIDENT TAFT. 
WAS THE SUBJECT OF CONVERSATION? 

Prom the Spokesman-Revieic 1 Spokane 1 



WHAT 



An Ex-President in His Active Retirement 



243 




1 IPS cWfT 




THE ACCOUNTING 

T. )i. TO Tai-t : "Well, bow did llii-< happen ; 
From tin 1 Sun (Baltimore; 



\Vh:l1 



"""" ■ ■ • ' ■■•■&?&£• ei & y 

IF FEET HAD EARS (Mr. Roosevelt visits President 

Taft at Beverly) 

From the Ohio State Journal (Columbusj 



ballots.. In the period of illness before his death, he wrote his memoirs, withe nit dreaming 
of the importance of this contribution to our knowledge of the ( ivil War and of his own 
career. 

Of the earlier ex-Presidents, Jefferson was l>v far the most influential. He retired 
from the Presidency in March, 1809, and died July 4, 1X20. I lis seventeen years of re- 
tirement were spent, for the most part, at his Virginia home, Monticello; but he was 
during all that time the real head of the L, r reat political party to which he belonged, and 
his relation to public affairs was constant and important. In this period of retirement, 
also he founded and created the University of Virginia, and produced much that appears 
in his collected writings. 




^' \n-hi-K 



THERE'S ONLY A LITTLE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN' THEM 
From the Meddler (Cincinnati) 



244 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




" I'VE GOT TO SEE HIM ! " 
From the Evening News (Newark) 

By a strange coincidence, ex-President 
John Adams (father of John Ouincy Adams ) 
the Sick Republican Elephant: "Dollars to dough, died on the same day as Jefferson. He had 

nuts that's Oyster Bay! Wonder if I'll be allowed to Deen an ex-President for twenty-five years, 
land? I'd like to get a few words of comfort from the . ■ , , , 

doctor." and his almost complete withdrawal from 

public affairs was in marked contrast 



From Collier's Weekly (New York) 





. ' - : %'- : - 

-JL&£- ] ,^ sA. k& W asUm 




FCTJRRY, DOCTOR! 
From the Eagle (Brooklyn) 



THINGS HAVEN'T BEEN THE SAME. THEODORE! 
From the Plain Dealer (Cleveland) 



An Ex-President in His Active Retirement 



245 





THE PEACEMAKEK 
" Gitche Manito, the mighty, 
• 'alls the tribes of men together, 
falls the warriors to his council 
By the signal of the peace-pipe." 
(Apropos of Colonel Roosevelt's numerous visiters. 
from all factions of the Republican party. I 
From the Eaylc (Brooklyn) 



THE COLONEL AND HIS BOOKS 

(Theodore Roosevelt held conferences to-day with State 
.Senator Cobb, Congressman Parsons, and other politicians. 
After his visitor.-; left Colonel Roosevelt said : " We have 
bad some very interesting talks on literature." — Dispatch 
/ mm Vf ir York, > 

From the Sun i Baltimore) 

with Jefferson's varied and vital activities. 

President Jackson, after his eight years 

in the White House, imitated Washington 




ALL ROADS LEAD TO OYSTER BAY 
From the Journal (Minneapolis) 



246 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




in the issuing of a farewell address to the 
nation, and retired to his home called the 
Hermitage, near Nashville, Tenn. Like Mr. 
Roosevelt, he had influence enough to select, 
nominate, and help elect his successor; and 
he remained an influential public personage 
during the remaining eight years of his life. 
An exceedingly active and untiring ex- 



THE ANNOUNCEMENT AND ITS EFFECT 

Colonel Roosevelt is to make a speech in the Indiana 

campaign. — News item from the Tribune (South Bend) 




WELL, WHAT AUK 1*01" BUYS HANGING AROUND FOR-. 
From the Leader (Cleveland) 



5 




Md' 



" WE'VE BEEN TO OYSTER BAY 

O.K.: O.K.! O.K.!" 
From the Plain Dealer (Cleveland) 



President was Jackson's 
successor, Martin Van 
Buren. He was Presi- 
dent from 1837 to 1841, — 
running for a second term 
in 1840 but beaten by 
William Henry Harrison, 
of the opposing party. 
Four years later, in 1844, 
Van Buren was again a 
candidate before the 
Democratic convention, 
where he had a clear ma- 
jority of the delegates but 
was unable, on account of 
the " two-thirds rule," to 
win the nomination. He 
had opposed the annexa- 
tion of Texas, and the 
Southern Democ'rats 



An Ex-President in His Active Retirement 



247 




ANOTHER DARING FLIGHT? 

From the Leader (Cleveland) 



THE JUDGMENT OF A SOLOMON 
From the Worlil-Herahl ( Omaha i 



nominated and elected James K. Polk against Henry Clay. By 1848, ex-President Van 
Buren had gone over to the Free Soil movement, and was the Presidential nominee of 
the new party. His candidacy won no electoral votes, but it defeated the Democrats and 
put the Whigs into power. He was an active supporter of Pierce in 1852, of Buchanan 
in 1856, and stood with his party against Lincoln in i860. But he became a War Demo- 
crat, supporting Lincoln's policies until his own death in 1862, at his country home near 
Kinderhook. Xew York. 

However men may differ as to the public use^ to make of an ex-President, most 







'A TO MASSACHUSETTS 







"^Wva f 



KEEPING THE OLD ELEPHANT WORRIED 

From the I'irnuunc (New Orleans I 



WHICH WAY? 
From the Record (Fort Worth) 



248 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Carreer 



men of thought and 
experience would agree 
that there ought to be 
some salary or pension 
granted him, — as to a 
retired judge. — u n t i 1 
his death. Mr. Monroe 
and General Grant 
were not the only ex- 
Presidents whose last 
days were more or less 
clouded by financial 
difficulties. Mr. Roose- 
velt, returning to the 
plaudits and greetings 
of a friendly nation, 
was subject to extraor- 
dinary expenditures by 
reason of those numer- 
ous demands of hos- 
pitality, correspondence, travel, and the like, that a public man cannot evade. 

Mr. Roosevelt had agreed, before going abroad, to make use of a room in the edi- 
torial offices of the Outlook, a weekly family paper published in New York, and to con- 
tribute to the paper as he might be able. He had also to put his new book through the 
press, and to prepare the speeches which he had agreed to make at the John Brown cele- 
bration in Kansas, the Conservation Congress at St. Paul, and on other occasions, at the 
end of August and in the months of September and October. 




AS IT WAS 



AS IT MAY BE 



From tin 1 Spvke/tman Review (Spokane) 









RESTING 
From the Traveler (Boston i 



THE STRENUOUS CONTRIBUTOR 
From the Inter-Ocean (Chicago) 



An Ex-President in His Active Retirement 



249 





hon.a~awa i suik*kt came down 

THB MILL VESTERDaY HE WA& ALL &MILEE> 

*j cahnot sax *hat pafesed between me 
and the col bot i am willw& to aomit. 
if hard pres>%e<> that tme col ha-5 
promised me his Support,* said the 
hon akania& . 



ftLN "IOSSBACK OF THE OLD GUARD. 
CrtMt OOINM SAGAMORE MILL USTlAOft 
SMILING BROADLY N£ REFUSED TO 
TALK rOR PUBLICATION ^ TOL.H A 
REPORTER THAT The col. MAO PROMISED 

h im his support 




RtPPeSENTA-fTvt. SCAps, 

fi* BOSSES LAST MOP», 

CAME DOWN THE mill 

MSTfRDAV M£ LOOSENED 
UP Hl» BROAD SMilt LON4 
£ « X *" TO SAT THAT 

^ the col. had promised 
him ho support. 




5PEOAL tme 
nSHT PICTURES V*!LL 
<*R K SHOWN M 
OYSTER fjay 




Alii: YOU GLOOMY? VISIT SAGAMORE HILL AND 

CHEEK IT 

From the /'j< vs- (New York) 

He had gone to Harvard College at com- 
mencement time, where he had met Gov- 
ernor Hughes of New York and paid his 
respects to President Taft, who was sum- 








SENATOR BEVERIDGE WILL HAVE A GOOD 
STARTER 

(Colonel Roosevelt is ro speak in Indiana) 

From the Pioneer Press (St. Poul) 

mering at Beverly, Mass. Meanwhile, 
except for a few hours a week at the Out- 
look office, he was at home at Sagamore 
Hill, where many public men from dif- 
ferent parts of the country called upon 




HUGHES GETS T. R.'S " O. K." WILL HE ALSO 

LABEL TAFT? 

From the World (New York) 



SKY- LINE OF OYSTER BAY WHEN GOVERNOR. 
HUGHES APPEARED 
From the Press (New York) 



250 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




1 

■ 

M 



T; K 





THE BRONCO BUSTER 
From the World (New York! 



EATING OUT OF HIS HAND 
From the World (New York) 



him, and where it was believed by the newspapers and the cartoonists that he was much 
interested in hearing about the political affairs of the State of New York and the strain 
in the Republican party between the regulars and the so-called " insurgents " or " pro- 
gressives." 

It was known that he would visit Indiana to make a speech on behalf of the re- 
election of Senator Iieveridge, and this was regarded as an indorsement of the " progres- 




HARD TO TUNE 
From the Evening Yeios I Newark i 



HUNTING A CANDIDATE 
From the Record (Philadelphia) 



An Ex-President in His Active Retirement 




- ■ — ;:' 



INCOGNITO! 
(Referring to Colonel Roosevelt's visit to tbe coal mines 
of the anthracite region in Pennsylvania in the early part 
of August I 

From the American i New York i 



SENATOR CUMMINS' NEW PARTY 
(Apropos of a proposal attributed to Senator Cummins 
on account of a statement made in the Des Moines News. 
which is supposed to he the Senator's personal organ i 

From the Inter-Ocean (Chicago) 



sives." It was also known that he would make a speech on behalf of Senator Lodge's re- 
election in Massachusetts, and this was said to he a matter of personal friendship rather 
than of championship of the New England 
junta of high-tariff Senators. 

Unquestionably, Mr. Roosevelt's general 
sympathies were with progressive move- 
ments in the Republican party. At the mo- 
ment when Governor Husfhes had called a 





A MODERN TOWEIt OF BABEL 
From the Herald (New Yorki 



MAKING IMPROVEMENTS ' 
From the Eagle (Brooklyn. N. Y. I 



252 



A Cartoon History of Roosevelt's Career 




LIONIZATION— SPECULATION— PERTURBATION— From Harpers Weekly (New York) 

The Lion : " I wish I knew what you are going to do with me." 

T. R. (thoughtfully) : " So do I." Chorus From Window : " So do we." 





WHAT TO DO WITH THE BOY 
From the Leader (Cleveland) 



"RETIRE HE! WHY, I'VE JUST BEGUN! 

I'M ONLY 50." 

From the Record-Herald (Chicago) 

special session of the New York Legisla- 
ture, Mr. Roosevelt at the Governor's re- 
quest had declared himself in favor of the 
Governor's bill for primary elections. In 
the preliminary plans for the New York 



\ 



